Online glass confidence map building using laser rangefinder for mobile robots

Online glass confidence map building using laser rangefinder for mobile robots
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使用激光测距仪为移动机器人构建在线玻璃置信度地图

DOI:
10.1080/01691864.2020.1819873
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Atsushi Yamashita and Hajime Asama
Atsushi Yamashita and Hajime Asama
中科院分区:
计算机科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jun Jiang;Renato Miyagusuku;Atsushi Yamashita and Hajime Asama

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精确的定位和地图绘制对于移动的机器人来说是必不可少的。使用激光测距仪(LRF),当前最先进的室内同时定位和地图绘制(SLAM)可以在大多数环境中提供准确的实时定位和地图绘制。例外情况是玻璃占主导地位的情况,因为由于玻璃的透明度和反射性,LRF无法正确检测玻璃。随着这种建筑越来越普遍,这已成为一个重要的问题来解决。未能检测到玻璃导致SLAM的两个问题:将玻璃不正确地映射为开放空间;以及由于测量的距离数据和预期的距离数据之间的不匹配而降低定位精度。在本文中,我们提出了一个玻璃置信度图,它可以正确地将玻璃映射为被占用的,以及对象是玻璃/非玻璃的概率。我们的方法包括四个步骤:(i)映射所有对象,甚至是潜在的动态障碍物,(ii)使用神经网络计算扫描对象是玻璃/非玻璃的概率,(iii)通过将扫描对象匹配到概率图来在线更新地图,以及(iv)过滤动态障碍物和噪声。我们在一个拥有大面积玻璃的办公室中验证了我们的方法,实现了超过95%的玻璃区域被正确映射为占用,玻璃/非玻璃分类误差小于5%。
Accurate localization and mapping are essential for mobile robots. Using laser rangefinders (LRFs), current state-of-the-art indoor Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) can provide accurate real-time localization and mapping in most environments. An exemption are those where glass is predominant, as LRFs can not properly detect glass due to glass' transparency and reflectiveness. With such buildings becoming more common, this has become an important issue to address. Failure to detect glass causes two problems for SLAM: incorrectly mapping glass as open space; and, lower localization accuracy due to mismatches between measured and expected range data. In this paper, we propose a glass confidence map that correctly maps glass as occupied, as well as the probability of an object to be glass/non-glass. Our approach consists of four steps: (i) map all objects, even potential dynamic obstacles, as occupied, (ii) compute the probability of scanned objects to be glass/non-glass using a neural network, (iii) online map updates by matching scanned objects to probability map, and (iv) filter dynamic obstacles and noise. We validated our approach in an office with large glass areas, achieving more than 95% of glass areas correctly mapped as occupied with less than 5% glass/non-glass classification error.
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