Neural crest origin of olfactory ensheathing glia
Neural crest origin of olfactory ensheathing glia
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1012248107
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发表时间：
2010-12-07
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Baker, Clare V. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barraud, Perrine;Seferiadis, Anastasia A.;Baker, Clare V. H.
嗅鞘细胞(OECs)是一类独特的神经胶质细胞，因其支持中枢神经系统轴突再生而具有特殊的翻译潜能。虽然嗅鞘细胞在许多方面类似于未成熟和无髓鞘的雪旺细胞，并且可以将大直径的轴突髓鞘化为雪旺细胞的髓鞘，但目前的教义认为，嗅鞘细胞起源于嗅觉上皮。在这里，使用鸡胚胎的命运映射技术和小鼠的遗传谱系追踪，我们证明嗅鞘细胞实际上起源于神经脊，因此与雪旺细胞共享共同的发育遗传。这解释了嗅鞘细胞和雪旺细胞之间的相似之处，并推翻了关于嗅鞘细胞发育起源的现有教条。由于神经脊干细胞在成人组织中持续存在，包括皮肤和毛囊，我们的结果也增加了这样一种可能性，即患者来源的神经脊干细胞未来可能为受损的中枢神经系统的细胞移植治疗提供丰富和可获得的自体嗅鞘细胞来源。
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are a unique class of glial cells with exceptional translational potential because of their ability to support axon regeneration in the central nervous system. Although OECs are similar in many ways to immature and nonmyelinating Schwann cells, and can myelinate large-diameter axons indistinguishably from myelination by Schwann cells, current dogma holds that OECs arise from the olfactory epithelium. Here, using fate-mapping techniques in chicken embryos and genetic lineage tracing in mice, we show that OECs in fact originate from the neural crest and hence share a common developmental heritage with Schwann cells. This explains the similarities between OECs and Schwann cells and overturns the existing dogma on the developmental origin of OECs. Because neural crest stem cells persist in adult tissue, including skin and hair follicles, our results also raise the possibility that patient-derived neural crest stem cells could in the future provide an abundant and accessible source of autologous OECs for cell transplantation therapy for the injured central nervous system.