Transactive memory systems in organizations: Matching tasks, expertise, and people
Transactive memory systems in organizations: Matching tasks, expertise, and people
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DOI：
10.1287/orsc.1040.0069
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hollingshead, AB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brandon, DP;Hollingshead, AB
交互记忆是认知劳动的共享分工，涉及来自不同知识领域的信息的编码，存储，检索和交流，通常在群体中发展，可以导致更高的效率和有效性。虽然对交互记忆理论的讨论表明该理论的组成部分是动态的，但研究倾向于将交互记忆视为线性发展，使用静态测量而不是评估随时间的发展。作为回应，我们提供了一个模型，强调线性和循环方面的交互记忆发展的工作组，我们提出，任务是发展过程中的一个主要影响。我们介绍了任务表示和任务的专业知识的人（TEP）单位参与交互式记忆发展的基本结构，我们提供了一个动态模型TEP单位是如何构建，评估和利用。关于可观察到的变化，随着时间的推移，我们提出，交互式记忆系统可以在准确性（小组成员对其他人的任务相关的专业知识的看法是准确的程度），共享性（成员有交互式记忆系统的共享表示的程度）和验证（小组成员参与交互式记忆系统的程度）方面有所不同。收敛是交互式记忆系统的最佳状态，反映了高水平的准确性，共享性和验证性。
Transactive memory is the shared division of cognitive labor with respect to the encoding, storage, retrieval, and communication of information from different knowledge domains, which often develops in groups and can lead to greater efficiency and effectiveness. Although discussions of transactive memory theory suggest that components of the theory are dynamic, research tends to treat transactive memory as evolving linearly, using static measures rather than assessing development over time. In response, we offer a model emphasizing both linear and cyclical aspects of transactive memory development in work groups, and we propose that task is a major influence on developmental processes. We introduce task representation and the task-expertise-person (TEP) unit as basic constructs involved in transactive memory development, and we provide a dynamic model of how TEP units are constructed, evaluated, and utilized. Regarding observable changes over time, we propose that transactive memory systems can vary in terms of accuracy (the degree to which group members' perceptions about others' task-related expertise are accurate), sharedness (the degree to which members have a shared representation of the transactive memory system), and validation (the degree to which group members participate in the transactive memory system). Convergence is the optimal state of transactive memory systems and reflects high levels of accuracy, sharedness, and validation.