Improvement of DNA vaccination by adjuvants and sophisticated delivery devices: vaccine-platforms for the battle against infectious diseases.
Improvement of DNA vaccination by adjuvants and sophisticated delivery devices: vaccine-platforms for the battle against infectious diseases.
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DOI：
10.7774/cevr.2015.4.1.1
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发表时间：
2015-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Ulbert S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grunwald T;Ulbert S
与传统的免疫方法相比，DNA疫苗预防传染病的优点包括快速制造、快速适应新出现的病原体和在环境温度下的高稳定性。此外，在DNA免疫后，抗原由接种个体的细胞产生，由于抗原通过MHC I和MHC II分子呈递，导致细胞和体液免疫反应的激活。然而，到目前为止，DNA疫苗主要在小型啮齿动物模型中显示出最有效的免疫原性，而在包括人类在内的大型动物中，仍然需要提高有效性。这主要是由于DNA质粒进入细胞和细胞核的效率低下。在这里，我们讨论了用于克服这一问题的技术，包括物理手段，如体内电穿孔和佐剂的共同施用。其中一些方法已经进入人体临床试验阶段。
Advantages of DNA vaccination against infectious diseases over more classical immunization methods include the possibilities for rapid manufacture, fast adaptation to newly emerging pathogens and high stability at ambient temperatures. In addition, upon DNA immunization the antigen is produced by the cells of the vaccinated individual, which leads to activation of both cellular and humoral immune responses due to antigen presentation via MHC I and MHC II molecules. However, so far DNA vaccines have shown most efficient immunogenicity mainly in small rodent models, whereas in larger animals including humans there is still the need to improve effectiveness. This is mostly due to inefficient delivery of the DNA plasmid into cells and nuclei. Here, we discuss technologies used to overcome this problem, including physical means such as in vivo electroporation and co-administration of adjuvants. Several of these methods have already entered clinical testing in humans.