In poor health: supermarket redlining and urban nutrition.
In poor health: supermarket redlining and urban nutrition.
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1015772503007
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Eisenhauer, E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eisenhauer, E.
在过去的100年里，少数民族和穷人越来越集中和孤立在低收入的城市社区。虽然城市的人口变化有据可查，但城市零售业的平行历史却鲜为人知。对城市食品零售业的变化，特别是涉及城市贫民的零售业的变化，研究很少。随着世纪城市街区居住特征的变化，这些街区的便利设施也发生了变化。城市零售业的低谷是在20世纪80年代，当时城市经历了超市的净损失，尽管全国范围内商店开业超过关闭。这种在城市外开设更少、更大的商店的趋势一直持续到现在。一些批评人士将大型连锁店不愿在城市落户称为“超市红线”。粮食供应的变化是城市穷人社会状况不断变化的一个关键因素，而且由于良好的营养对健康至关重要，因此也是城市健康状况下降的一个促成因素。本文将探讨城市零售食品供应的变化，这些变化对城市穷人的健康状况的影响，城市穷人用来解决优质食品来源不足的战略，以及超市在贫困社区中的作用。
Over the past 100 years, ethnic minorities and the poor have become increasingly concentrated and isolated in low-income urban neighborhoods. While the demographic changes in cities are well documented, the parallel history of urban retailing is less well known. Little research has been done on changes in urban food retailing, particularly as they concern the urban poor. As the residential character of urban neighbourhood changed during the 20th century, so did the amenities available in those neighborhoods. The low point for urban retailing was in the 1980s, when cities experienced a net loss of supermarkets even as, nationally, store openings exceeded closings. The trend toward fewer, bigger stores located outside cities has continued to the present. Some critics have referred to this disinclination of large chains to locate in cities as 'supermarket redlining'. Changes in food availability are a key element in the changing social conditions of the urban poor and, as good nutrition is critical for good health, a contributing factor in the decline of urban health. This paper will examine changes in urban retail food availability, the impact these changes have had on the health status of the urban poor, strategies utilized by the urban poor to address inadequate access to quality food sources, and the role of supermarkets in distressed communities.