The Buzz Changes within Time: Native Apis mellifera mellifera Honeybee Subspecies Less and Less Popular among Polish Beekeepers Since 1980
The Buzz Changes within Time: Native Apis mellifera mellifera Honeybee Subspecies Less and Less Popular among Polish Beekeepers Since 1980
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DOI：
10.3390/agriculture11070652
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发表时间：
2021-07-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Maciorowski, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bienkowska, Malgorzata;Splitt, Aleksandra;Maciorowski, Robert
社会文化研究可能会解决蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）保护的以人类为中心的原因。在一些地区，特定的蜜蜂亚种被认为是本地的。东北部的 A. mellifera mellifera（“黑蜂”）和波兰贝斯基德岛的 A. mellifera carnica。此外，波兰各地均有报道A. mellifera caucasia（通常被错误地称为A. mellifera caucasica）和Buckfast。为了验证养蜂人的实际选择，从1980年到2018年，每年对养蜂场饲养的蜜蜂亚种进行一次调查。这是验证对黑蜂的保护管理是否影响其维持在足以使其恢复的水平的一种方法。分析显示，波兰养蜂人知道他们的蜂巢里有什么“嗡嗡声”，并且多年来对他们饲养的蜜蜂亚种/类型的认识不断增强。最初，他们在每个养蜂场饲养最多四种不同的亚种，但现在大多数只有一种（最多两种）。目前，波兰养蜂场的份额接近同质，仅存在 A. mellifera carnica 亚种。随着时间的推移，本土蜜蜂的受欢迎程度有所下降，目前处于较低水平。似乎应该考虑新的解决方案来提高欧洲黑蜂保护管理工作的有效性。
Socio-cultural research might address anthropocentric reasons for honeybee (Apis mellifera) conservation. In some regions, particular honeybee subspecies are considered to be native; A. mellifera mellifera ("dark bee") in the north-east and A. mellifera carnica in the Island Beskids in Poland. Additionally, A. mellifera caucasia (often incorrectly called A. mellifera caucasica) and Buckfast are reported across Poland. In order to verify the actual choice of beekeepers, a survey on honeybee subspecies kept in apiaries was conducted annually from 1980 to 2018. This is a way to verify if conservation management towards the dark bee influenced its maintenance at a sufficient level for their restoration. The analysis revealed that Polish beekeepers know what is "buzzing" in their hives, and the awareness of which subspecies/types of honeybee they maintain has grown through the years. Initially, they kept up to four different subspecies per apiary, but now most have only one (maximum of two). Currently, Polish apiaries approach a homogeneous share with the exclusive presence of A. mellifera carnica subspecies. The popularity of indigenous A. mellifera mellifera has declined over time and is low now. It seems that new solutions should be considered to increase the effectiveness of dark European bee conservation management efforts.