The Consequences of Professionalization and Formalization in the Pro-Choice Movement
The Consequences of Professionalization and Formalization in the Pro-Choice Movement
复制标题
支持堕胎运动中专业化和正规化的后果
DOI：
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Staggenborg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Staggenborg
资源动员理论家认为，专业化的社会运动出现了更多的来源冒犯成为活动家谁使职业生涯的运动领导人。本文分析了亲选择（堕胎权利）运动的组织案例历史，探讨社会运动中的专业领导和正式结构的后果。从支持堕胎运动的案例中得出五个一般性命题：（1）专业运动活动家不发起运动和创造新的策略，运动“专业人士”和运动“企业家”的角色是不同的;（2）专业运动领导者倾向于将他们领导的组织形式化;（3）当环境条件使动员变得困难时，正式的社会运动组织（SMOs）帮助维持社会运动;（4）专业化的领导者和正规化的SMOs促进了制度化策略的使用;（5）专业化和正规化促进了联盟工作。
Resource mobilization theorists have argued that professionalized social movements emerge as more sources offending become available for activists who make careers out of being movement leaders. This paper analyzes organizational case histories from the pro-choice (abortion rights) movement to explore the consequences of professional leadership and formal structure in social movements. Five general propositions are drawn from the case of the pro-choice movement: (1) professional movement activists do not initiate movements and create new tactics; the roles of movement "professional" and movement "entrepreneur" are distinct; (2) professional movement leaders tend to formalize the organizations they lead; (3) formalized social movement organizations (SMOs) help maintain social movements when environmental conditions make mobilization difficult; (4) professional leaders and formalized SMOs stimulate the use of institutionalized tactics; and (5) professionalization and formalization facilitate coalition work.