Density of Biogas Power Plants as An Indicator of Bioenergy Generated Transformation of Agricultural Landscapes
Density of Biogas Power Plants as An Indicator of Bioenergy Generated Transformation of Agricultural Landscapes
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DOI：
10.3390/su11092500
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Duttmann, Rainer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Csikos, Nandor;Schwanebeck, Malte;Duttmann, Rainer
人们认为，越来越多地使用由青贮玉米等能源作物生产的沼气，将显著改变欧洲农业景观的结构和模式。我们研究的主要目的是量化这种假设的影响，密集的沼气生产的例子，在北方德国的农业景观。因此，我们使用了三个不同的数据集：Corine土地覆盖（CLC），当地农业统计数据（Agar-Struktur-Erhebung，ASE）和沼气发电厂的数据。通过核密度分析，我们划定的影响区，代表不同层次的生物能源产生的农业景观的转变。我们通过分析2000年至2012年影响区内的土地覆盖和景观格局变化来交叉检查结果。我们发现安装的电力容量（IC）和土地覆盖变化之间的显着相关性。结果表明，自沼气生产开始以来，农田景观格局（平均斑块大小（MPS）、总边缘（TE）、平均形状指数（MSI）、平均分维指数（MFRACT））呈上升趋势，而草地景观格局呈下降趋势。此外，我们的研究表明，在某些地区沼气发电厂的数量不断增加，伴随着作物多样性的不断减少和同一地区土地利用的同质化。我们发现，最大程度的土地利用均匀化的最高IC的地区。我们的研究结果表明，核心密度图的IC的沼气发电厂可能提供一个合适的第一个指标，监测和量化的景观变化引起的沼气生产。
The increasing use of biogas, produced from energy crops like silage maize, is supposed to noticeably change the structures and patterns of agricultural landscapes in Europe. The main objective of our study is to quantify this assumed impact of intensive biogas production with the example of an agrarian landscape in Northern Germany. Therefore, we used three different datasets; Corine Land Cover (CLC), local agricultural statistics (Agrar-Struktur-Erhebung, ASE), and data on biogas power plants. Via kernel density analysis, we delineated impact zones which represent different levels of bioenergy-generated transformations of agrarian landscapes. We cross-checked the results by the analyses of the land cover and landscape pattern changes from 2000 to 2012 inside the impact zones. We found significant correlations between the installed electrical capacity (IC) and land cover changes. According to our findings, the landscape pattern of croplandexpressed via landscape metrics (mean patch size (MPS), total edge (TE), mean shape index (MSI), mean fractal dimension index (MFRACT)increased and that of pastures decreased since the beginning of biogas production. Moreover, our study indicates that the increasing number of biogas power plants in certain areas is accompanied with a continuous reduction in crop diversity and a homogenization of land use in the same areas. We found maximum degrees of land use homogenisation in areas with highest IC. Our results show that a Kernel density map of the IC of biogas power plants might offer a suitable first indicator for monitoring and quantifying landscape change induced by biogas production.