Origin of Amniote Sex Chromosomes: An Ancestral Super-Sex Chromosome, or Common Requirements?
Origin of Amniote Sex Chromosomes: An Ancestral Super-Sex Chromosome, or Common Requirements?
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DOI：
10.1093/jhered/esw053
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Graves, Jennifer A. Marshall
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ezaz, Tariq;Srikulnath, Kornsorn;Graves, Jennifer A. Marshall
性染色体的多样性是不同谱系中不同系统独立进化的产物，由新的性别决定基因定义。趋同进化非常普遍，这表明某些基因特别擅长扮演性别决定的角色。比较基因图谱和最近的全基因组测序，现在已经发现了其他令人惊讶的关系;在某些分类群中已经成为性别决定因素的果蝇基因组的不同区域似乎在其他分类群中共享共线性或共享序列。毕竟，这是否证明了这些区域曾经在一个超级性染色体中联系在一起，而这个超级性染色体在不同的灵长类谱系中以不同的方式经历了多次裂变？或者，这是否意味着性染色体的特殊性质（缺乏活性基因、重组率低、通过表观遗传调控实现剂量补偿）使特定染色体倾向于发挥性别决定作用？
The diversity of sex chromosomes among amniotes is the product of independent evolution of different systems in different lineages, defined by novel sex-determining genes. Convergent evolution is very common, suggesting that some genes are particularly adept at taking on a sex-determining role. Comparative gene mapping, and more recently whole genome sequencing, have now turned up other surprising relationships; different regions of the amniote genome that have become sex determining in some taxa seem to share synteny, or share sequence, in others. Is this, after all, evidence that these regions were once linked in a super-sex chromosome that underwent multiple fission in different ways in different amniote lineages? Or does it signify that special properties of sex chromosomes (paucity of active genes, low recombination, epigenetic regulation to achieve dosage compensation) predispose particular chromosomes to a sex-determining role?