Pictorial Representations of Routes: Chunking Route Segments during Comprehension
Pictorial Representations of Routes: Chunking Route Segments during Comprehension
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路线的图形表示：理解过程中对路线段进行分块
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Habel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Klippel;Heike Tappe;C. Habel
路由方向通常是通过图形方式传达的，即通过在地图中说明路线或绘制素描图或通过提供口语或书面路线指令或结合两种外部表示形式来传达路线。在大多数情况下，路线指示是事先给出的，即在实际旅行之前。但是，也可以将它们与沿路线的运动进行了准单相关，例如，在车内导航系统的情况下。我们将后者的路线指示配音。伴随的路线方向可以通过对话，即通过听众反馈，或者以独白，即没有听众反馈的方式进行传达。在本文中，我们将重点放在随附的路线方向上，而无需听众反馈。我们从空间认知研究的理论考虑开始，该研究关于内部和外部表示之间的相互作用，将语言路线方向的语言方面与认知心理学对路线知识的发现相互联系。特别是，我们对说话者是否将基本路线段合并为随附路线方向的高级块。随后在案例研究中研究了这个过程，我们认为这是空间块的。我们的扬声器会根据在空间验证地图中呈现的路线的基础上产生伴随的路线指示，而无需听众反馈。我们改变路线的表示模式：在静态模式下，路由以离散线表示，在动态模式下，它作为移动点表示。跨介绍模式的相似性提出了路线方向的总体组织原理，这两种原理都独立于路线方向前进的类型，而不是随附的，以及演示模式静态与动态。我们得出的结论是，空间分解是一个强大而有效的概念过程，部分独立于预班。
Route directions are usually conveyed either by graphical means, i.e. by illustrating the route in a map or drawing a sketch-maps or, linguistically by giving spoken or written route instructions, or by combining both kinds of external representations. In most cases route directions are given in advance, i.e. prior to the actual traveling. But they may also be communicated quasi-simultaneously to the movement along the route, for example, in the case of in-car navigation systems. We dub this latter kind accompanying route directions. Accompanying route direction may be communicated in a dialogue, i.e. with hearer feedback, or, in a monologue, i.e. without hearer feedback. In this article we focus on accompanying route directions without hearer feedback. We start with theoretical considerations from spatial cognition research about the interaction between internal and external representations interconnecting linguistic aspects of verbal route directions with findings from cognitive psychology on route knowledge. In particular we are interested in whether speakers merge elementary route segments into higher order chunks in accompanying route directions. This process, which we identify as spatial chunking, is subsequently investigated in a case study. We have speakers produce accompanying route directions without hearer feedback on the basis of a route that is presented in a spatially veridical map. We vary presentation mode of the route: In the static mode the route in presented as a discrete line, in the dynamic mode, it is presented as a moving dot. Similarities across presentation modes suggest overall organization principles for route directions, which are both independent of the type of route direction-in advance versus accompanying-and of presentation mode-static versus dynamic. We conclude that spatial chunking is a robust and efficient conceptual process that is partly independent of preplanning.