Natural Products as Antiviral Agents
Natural Products as Antiviral Agents
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DOI：
10.1016/s1572-5995(00)80051-4
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
El Sayed KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
El Sayed KA
自古以来，天然产物一直是药物的主要来源。今天大约有50%的药物是天然来源的。由于本文将讨论的许多因素，对天然产物作为新药来源的兴趣正在增长。病毒对治疗或预防的抵抗力比任何其他形式的生命都要长。目前，只有少数药物可用于治疗病毒性疾病，包括以天然产物母体为模型的阿昔洛韦。为了对抗对人类、动物、昆虫、农作物、真菌和细菌具有破坏性影响的病毒，许多研究工作致力于发现新的抗病毒天然产物。最近对主要在1984 - 1995年药物化学年度报告中报道的抗病毒剂的数量和来源的分析表明，1983-1994年FDA批准的10种合成剂中有7种是以天然产物母体为模型的。据估计，在大约25万种高等植物中，只有5-15%的生物活性化合物得到了系统的研究，而海洋环境的潜力几乎没有得到开发。本文综述了340种植物、海洋和微生物来源的具有体外抗病毒活性的天然产物，并对天然产物在抗病毒新药开发中的重要作用进行了综述。
Since the ancient times, natural products have served as a major source of drugs. About fifty percent of today's pharmaceutical drugs are derived from natural origin. Interest in natural products as a source of new drugs is growing due to many factors that will be discussed in this article. Viruses have been resistant to therapy or prophylaxis longer than any other form of life. Currently, there are only few drugs available for the cure of viral diseases including acyclovir which is modeled on a natural product parent. In order to combat viruses which have devastating effects on humans, animals, insects, crop plants, fungi and bacteria, many research efforts have been devoted for the discovery of new antiviral natural products. Recent analysis of the number and sources of antiviral agents reported mainly in the annual reports of medicinal chemistry from 1984 to 1995 indicated that seven out of ten synthetic agents approved by FDA between 1983-1994, are modeled on a natural product parent. It has been estimated that only 5-15% of the approximately 250,000 species of higher plants have been systematically investigated for the presence of bioactive compounds while the potential of the marine environment has barely been tapped. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on the central role of natural products in the discovery and development of new antiviral drugs by displaying 340 structures of plant, marine and microbial origin that show promising in vitro antiviral activity.