Number marking and noun categorization in Nilo-Saharan languages
Number marking and noun categorization in Nilo-Saharan languages
复制标题
尼罗-撒哈拉语言中的数字标记和名词分类
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
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通讯作者：
G. Dimmendaal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Dimmendaal
名词上的数字标记是一种屈折变化的范畴，语言显然可以不使用。另一方面，一些语言或语系倾向于拥有极其丰富的数字标记系统。尼罗-撒哈拉家庭就是一个很好的例子。在这里，我们发现了一个占主导地位的分类技术，似乎是相对罕见的其他语系（与邻近的亚非语系除外），包括单数，复数，和一组替换标记。本文从共时和历时的角度描述了这一系统的形式和语义特征，并解释了它在尼罗-撒哈拉语中的历史相对稳定性。虽然在世界其他地方很少能找到这种数字变化的形式上的相似之处，但存在明确的功能相似之处。
Number marking on nouns is an inflectional category that languages apparently can do without. On the other hand, some languages or language families tend to have extremely rich number-marking systems. The Nilo-Saharan family provides a case in point. Here, we find a predominating classificatory technique that appears to be relatively rare in other language families (with the exception of neighboring Afroasiatic languages), consisting of singulatives, plurals, and a set of replacement markers. This article describes formal and semantic properties of this system from synchronic and diachronic points of view and explains its historical relative stability in Nilo-Saharan. Although few formal parallels for this type of number inflection are found elsewhere in the world, clear-cut functional parallels exist.