Cross-reactive Antibody Response between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV Infections
Cross-reactive Antibody Response between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV Infections
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DOI：
10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107725
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发表时间：
2020-06-02
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Mok, Chris K. P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lv, Huibin;Wu, Nicholas C.;Mok, Chris K. P.
世界卫生组织已宣布由新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2引起的COVID-19持续爆发为大流行病。目前缺乏关于SARS-CoV-2感染引起的抗体应答的知识。一个主要的免疫学问题涉及SARS-CoV-2和SARS-CoV之间的抗原差异。我们通过分析SARS-CoV-2或SARS-CoV感染患者的血浆以及感染或免疫小鼠的血浆来解决这个问题。我们的研究结果表明，虽然抗体结合刺突蛋白的交叉反应性是常见的，但活病毒的交叉中和可能是罕见的，这表明刺突蛋白中存在对保守表位的非中和抗体反应。这种低或非中和抗体反应是否会导致抗体依赖性疾病增强，需要在未来解决。总的来说，这项研究不仅解决了关于SARS-CoV-2和SARS-CoV之间抗原性差异的基本问题，而且对免疫原设计和疫苗开发也有影响。
The World Health Organization has declared the ongoing outbreak of COVID-19, which is caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, a pandemic. There is currently a lack of knowledge about the antibody response elicited from SARS-CoV-2 infection. One major immunological question concerns antigenic differences between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. We address this question by analyzing plasma from patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV and from infected or immunized mice. Our results show that, although cross-reactivity in antibody binding to the spike protein is common, cross-neutralization of the live viruses may be rare, indicating the presence of a non-neutralizing antibody response to conserved epitopes in the spike. Whether such low or non-neutralizing antibody response leads to antibody-dependent disease enhancement needs to be addressed in the future. Overall, this study not only addresses a fundamental question regarding antigenicity differences between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV but also has implications for immunogen design and vaccine development.