MEMBRANE ASYMMETRY
MEMBRANE ASYMMETRY
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DOI：
10.1126/science.402030
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发表时间：
1977-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
LENARD, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ROTHMAN, JE;LENARD, J
生物膜的组分在膜表面之间不对称分布。蛋白质是绝对不对称的，因为多肽链的每个拷贝在膜中都具有相同的取向，而脂质是相对不对称的，因为几乎每种脂质都存在于双层膜的两侧，但数量不同且变化很大。不对称性是通过缺乏跨膜扩散来维持的。区分了两种类型的膜蛋白，称为外膜蛋白和内膜蛋白。从这两种蛋白质以及膜脂质在已形成细胞中的形态和分布可以推断出它们的生物合成途径。[讨论了利用人红细胞和在MDBK（马丁 - 达比牛肾）细胞中培养的流感病毒进行的研究。]
The components of biological membranes are asymmetrically distributed between the membrane surfaces. Proteins are absolutely asymmetrical in that every copy of a polypeptide chain has the same orientation in the membrane, and lipids are nonabsolutely asymmetrical in that almost every type of lipid is present on both sides of the bilayer, but in different and highly variable amounts. Asymmetry is maintained by lack of transmembrane diffusion. Two types of membrane proteins, called ectoproteins and endoproteins, are distinguished. Biosynthetic pathways for both types of proteins and for membrane lipids are inferred from their topography and distribution in the formed cells. [Studies utilizing human red blood cells and influenza virus grown in MDBK [Madin-Darby bovine kidney] cells are discussed.].