Effect of different application rates of organic fertilizer on soil enzyme activity and microbial population
Effect of different application rates of organic fertilizer on soil enzyme activity and microbial population
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00122.x
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Tsai, Yuong-How
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang, Ed-Haun;Chung, Ren-Shih;Tsai, Yuong-How
在温室连续3年栽培24季蔬菜后，不同堆肥施用量(施量1,270 kg N ha(-1) y(-1)；施氮量2540 kg N ha(-1) y(-1)；施氮量3810 kg N ha(-1) y(-1)；采用4、1080 kg N - ha(-1) y（-1）对照施用化肥（CF）和不施用化肥（CK）对土壤化学性质、微生物数量和土壤酶活性（脱氢酶、纤维素酶、β -葡萄糖苷酶、蛋白酶、脲酶、氨基磺酸酶、酸碱性磷酸酶）的影响进行了比较。结果表明：堆肥处理的土壤pH、电导率、总氮(N)浓度和有机质浓度均高于CF处理。堆肥处理的土壤微生物生物量、细菌、真菌和放线菌数量以及土壤酶活性均显著高于cf处理。在大多数情况下，施用堆肥所研究的酶活性没有显著增加，高于速率2处理。然而，所有的酶活性都与土壤有机质含量呈显著的线性相关。蔬菜产量在速率2处理达到最高水平，在更高的处理中下降或趋于平稳，这意味着在土壤肥力建立后，高堆肥施用量不能进一步提高作物产量。土壤有机质含量高，可减轻可溶性盐对蔬菜生长的不利影响。综上所述，在亚热带气候条件下，考虑到蔬菜产量和土壤化学、生化和酶学性质，堆肥施用量为2540 kg N ha(-1) y（-1）是适宜的。
After cultivating 24 crops of vegetables for three consecutive years in a greenhouse, the effects of different application rates of compost (Rate 1, 270 kg N ha(-1) y(-1); Rate 2, 540 kg N ha(-1) y(-1); Rate 3, 810 kg N ha(-1) y(-1); Rate 4, 1,080 kg N ha(-1) y(-1)) were compared with the effects of chemical fertilizer (CF) and no application of fertilizer treatments (CK) for some selected soil chemical properties, microbial populations and soil enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, cellulase, beta-glucosidase, protease, urease, arysulphatase, and acid and alkaline phosphatases). The results show that the pH, electrical conductivity, concentrations of total nitrogen (N) and the organic matter received from compost treatment were generally higher than those received through CF treatment. The soil microbial biomass, populations of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, as well as soil enzyme activities increased significantly in the compost-treated soils compared with the CF-treated soil. In most instances, no significant increase was observed in the enzymatic activities studied for compost applications higher than a Rate 2 treatment. However, all enzymatic activities examined showed significant linear correlations with the organic matter contents of the soils. The vegetable yield reached its highest level at the Rate 2 treatment and declined or leveled off in the higher treatments, implying that a high application rate of compost cannot further increase the crop yield after the soil fertility has been established. High organic matter content in the soil was found to alleviate the adverse effect of soluble salts on vegetable growth. In conclusion, an application rate of compost at Rate 2, 540 kg N ha(-1) y(-1), is adequate on the basis of vegetable yields and soil chemical, biochemical and enzymatic properties in greenhouse cultivation under subtropical climatic conditions.