Materials by design at high pressures.

Materials by design at high pressures.
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高压设计材料

DOI:
10.1039/d1sc04239d
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发表时间:
2022-01-05
期刊:
影响因子:
8.4
通讯作者:
Ma Y
Ma Y
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xu M;Li Y;Ma Y

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压力是一个基本的热力学变量,它可以对材料产生两个基本的影响。首先,压力可以通过修改势能面来产生新的高压相。其次,压力可以通过改变组成格局来产生具有非传统化学计量比的新化合物。这些新的相或化合物通常表现出在常压下无法获得的奇异的物理和化学性质。最近的研究为在高压下开发具有特定所需性能的材料奠定了广阔的范围。晶体结构预测方法和第一性原理计算可以用来设计材料,从而在任何实验工作之前指导后续的合成计划。一个关键的例子是最近在理论上首次发现了临界温度分别为200K和260K的破纪录的高温超导体H3S和LaH10。本文总结和讨论了以理论为导向的高压下新材料发现的最新进展,包括富氢超导体、高能量密度材料、无机电子和惰性气体化合物。所考虑的化合物的发现涉及到大量的理论贡献。我们解决了高压材料设计面临的未来挑战,并就具有重大未来发现潜力的研究方向提供了观点。
Pressure, a fundamental thermodynamic variable, can generate two essential effects on materials. First, pressure can create new high-pressure phases via modification of the potential energy surface. Second, pressure can produce new compounds with unconventional stoichiometries via modification of the compositional landscape. These new phases or compounds often exhibit exotic physical and chemical properties that are inaccessible at ambient pressure. Recent studies have established a broad scope for developing materials with specific desired properties under high pressure. Crystal structure prediction methods and first-principles calculations can be used to design materials and thus guide subsequent synthesis plans prior to any experimental work. A key example is the recent theory-initiated discovery of the record-breaking high-temperature superhydride superconductors H3S and LaH10 with critical temperatures of 200 K and 260 K, respectively. This work summarizes and discusses recent progress in the theory-oriented discovery of new materials under high pressure, including hydrogen-rich superconductors, high-energy-density materials, inorganic electrides, and noble gas compounds. The discovery of the considered compounds involved substantial theoretical contributions. We address future challenges facing the design of materials at high pressure and provide perspectives on research directions with significant potential for future discoveries.
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