Grazing by an endemic atyid shrimp controls microbial communities in the Hawaiian anchialine ecosystem
Grazing by an endemic atyid shrimp controls microbial communities in the Hawaiian anchialine ecosystem
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DOI：
10.1002/lno.12184
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发表时间：
2022-07
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Justin C. Havird;Pamela M. Brannock;R. Yoshioka;Rebecca C. Vaught;K. Carlson;Collin B. Edwards;Allison M. Tracy;C. Twining;Yun Zheng;David Chai;Alan E. Wilson;N. Hairston;S. R. Santos
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文献类型：
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作者：
Justin C. Havird;Pamela M. Brannock;R. Yoshioka;Rebecca C. Vaught;K. Carlson;Collin B. Edwards;Allison M. Tracy;C. Twining;Yun Zheng;David Chai;Alan E. Wilson;N. Hairston;S. R. Santos
动物经常塑造环境微生物群落，这反过来又会影响动物肠道微生物组。重要生境中的入侵物种可能会减少来自本地物种的放牧压力，并改变微生物群落。内陆沿海池塘，水池和洞穴构成了夏威夷的近岸生态系统，支持一种特有的虾（Halocaridina rubra），它以各种底栖微生物群落为食，包括橙子蓝藻细菌结壳和绿色藻类垫。在这里，我们问如何虾：（1）塑造微生物群落的丰度和组成，（2）对入侵鱼类的反应，以及（3）它们的肠道微生物组是否受到环境微生物群落的影响。我们表明，生态相关水平的虾放牧显着降低epilithon生物量。虾容易吃草，生长良好的橙子结壳和绿色垫社区。然而，个体从橙子结壳较大，尽管结壳具有降低浓度的关键脂肪酸。DNA分析显示，虾具有与环境不同的常驻肠道微生物组，其在空间（包括具有不同微生物群落的栖息地）和时间（野生捕获的个体和在实验室中保持>2年的个体之间）相对简单且稳定。DNA分析还表明，虾放牧改变环境微生物群落组成，可能通过选择性消费和/或物理相互作用。虽然这项工作表明，放牧的地方性虾在塑造微生物群落在夏威夷近岸生态系统中发挥了关键作用，假设的激烈的生态变化造成的入侵鱼类可能是一个过于简单化的虾可能在很大程度上避免捕食。此外，环境微生物群落可能对虾肠道微生物群落的影响不大。
Animals often shape environmental microbial communities, which can in turn influence animal gut microbiomes. Invasive species in critical habitats may reduce grazing pressure from native species and shift microbial communities. The landlocked coastal ponds, pools, and caves that make up the Hawaiian anchialine ecosystem support an endemic shrimp (Halocaridina rubra) that grazes on diverse benthic microbial communities, including orange cyanobacterial‐bacterial crusts and green algal mats. Here, we asked how shrimp: (1) shape the abundance and composition of microbial communities, (2) respond to invasive fishes, and (3) whether their gut microbiomes are affected by environmental microbial communities. We demonstrate that ecologically relevant levels of shrimp grazing significantly reduce epilithon biomass. Shrimp grazed readily and grew well on both orange crusts and green mat communities. However, individuals from orange crusts were larger, despite crusts having reduced concentrations of key fatty acids. DNA profiling revealed shrimp harbor a resident gut microbiome distinct from the environment, which is relatively simple and stable across space (including habitats with different microbial communities) and time (between wild‐caught individuals and those maintained in the laboratory for >2 yr). DNA profiling also suggests shrimp grazing alters environmental microbial community composition, possibly through selective consumption and/or physical interactions. While this work suggests grazing by endemic shrimp plays a key role in shaping microbial communities in the Hawaiian anchialine ecosystem, the hypothesized drastic ecological shifts resulting from invasive fishes may be an oversimplification as shrimp may largely avoid predation. Moreover, environmental microbial communities may have little influence on shrimp gut microbiomes.