The Paradox of Scale: How NGOs Build, Maintain, and Lose Authority in Environmental Governance
The Paradox of Scale: How NGOs Build, Maintain, and Lose Authority in Environmental Governance
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规模悖论：非政府组织如何在环境治理中建立、维持和失去权威
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发表时间：
2018
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通讯作者：
C. Balboa
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作者：
C. Balboa
以东南亚和太平洋地区跨国保护组织的案例研究为例，研究了为什么非政府组织经常难以创造持久的变化。为什么非政府组织在创造持久的变化方面面临困难？他们如何才能更有效？在这本书中，克里斯蒂娜·巴尔博亚考察了非政府组织的权力、能力和责任，提出了规模悖论？是非政府组织有效性的主要障碍。这一悖论--当赋予一个非政府组织一个规模的权威也削弱了它在另一个规模的权威--有助于解释为什么非政府组织在全球范围内被视为特定事业的权威，但却未能在地方层面上实施变革。规模悖论借鉴了东南亚和太平洋地区跨国保护组织的案例研究，探索了非政府组织如何随着时间的推移建立、维持和失去权威。Balboa为治理研究设定了新的研究议程，提供了实用的概念和分析，以帮助非政府组织实践者。她介绍了作为一种合法化权力形式的权威的概念，解释了为什么非政府组织在创建、实施或执行规则时有必要在多个尺度上建立权威。在考察巴布亚新几内亚的保护国际、菲律宾的国际海洋生物联盟和帕劳的社区保护网络的经验时，Balboa解释了即使对于那些看起来强大和有效的非政府组织，规模悖论也是如何发展起来的。在其跨学科的方法上，《规模悖论》为解释与非政府组织合作所伴随的行动和压力提供了指导，表明为什么即使是最权威的非政府组织也往往难以产生持久的影响。
An examination of why NGOs often experience difficulty creating lasting change, with case studies of transnational conservation organizations in Southeast Asia and the Pacific.Why do nongovernmental organizations face difficulty creating lasting change? How can they be more effective? In this book, Cristina Balboa examines NGO authority, capacity, and accountability to propose that a ?paradox of scale? is a primary barrier to NGO effectiveness. This paradox?when what gives an NGO authority on one scale also weakens its authority on another scale?helps explain how NGOs can be seen as an authority on particular causes on a global scale, but then fail to effect change at the local level. Drawing on case studies of transnational conservation organizations in Southeast Asia and the Pacific, The Paradox of Scale explores how NGOs build, maintain, and lose authority over time.Balboa sets a new research agenda for the study of governance, offering practical concepts and analysis to help NGO practitioners. She introduces the concept of authority as a form of legitimated power, explaining why it is necessary for NGOs to build authority at multiple scales when they create, implement, or enforce rules. Examining the experiences of Conservation International in Papua New Guinea, International Marinelife Alliance in the Philippines, and the Community Conservation Network in Palau, Balboa explains how a paradox of scale can develop even for those NGOs that seem powerful and effective. Interdisciplinary in its approach, The Paradox of Scaleoffers guidance for interpreting the actions and pressures accompanying work with NGOs, showing why even the most authoritative NGOs often struggle to make a lasting impact.