ARCHITECTURE OF SUPERIOR AND MESIAL AREA-6 AND THE ADJACENT CINGULATE CORTEX IN THE MACAQUE MONKEY
ARCHITECTURE OF SUPERIOR AND MESIAL AREA-6 AND THE ADJACENT CINGULATE CORTEX IN THE MACAQUE MONKEY
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.903110402
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发表时间：
1991-09-22
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
RIZZOLATTI, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MATELLI, M;LUPPINO, G;RIZZOLATTI, G
无颗粒额叶皮层由几个不同的功能区组成。然而，对其细胞结构的组织结构还没有达成一致。本研究的目的是重新定义猕猴的上级和近中6区和相邻的扣带回皮质的细胞结构组织。一个特别的目标是找出是否所谓的补充运动区（SMA）是cytoarchitectonically不同于其余的区域6和它是否可以被认为是一个单一的，独立的cytoarchitectonic areas.The结果表明，喙到F1（区4），四个架构领域可以识别在上级（背侧）和近中区6。其中两个位于皮质近中面（F3尾侧和F6吻侧），两个位于皮质上级凸面（F2尾侧和F7吻侧）。F1：（2）从白色物质向浅层延伸的柱状细胞;（3）第III层下部细胞密度低。F3：（1）III层下部细胞密度高，与致密的Va层融合，（2）仅在最深层出现柱状结构，（3）Vb层偶见巨锥体细胞。F6：（1）V层突出，（2）Vb亚层缺失，（3）浅层细胞密度均匀。F2：（1）Ⅲ层最低处的一排细的中等大小的金字塔，（2）延伸到表层的柱状图案，（3）致密的Va层，（4）在Vb层中有少量分散的巨金字塔。F7：（1）显著层V，（2）二分层VI。F1、F2、F3区与同型半胱氨酸组化区相一致，24区由24 a、B、c、d四个亚区组成。区域24 a和B占据区域24的腹侧部分，而其背侧部分由位于吻侧的区域24 c和位于尾侧的区域24 d形成。24 d区与24 c区的区别在于：（1）V层锥体细胞较大，（2）III层下部锥体细胞中等，（3）柱状结构较明显，（4）髓鞘化程度较高，水平神经丛明显，近中6区通常被认为是单一功能实体（SMA）。我们的研究结果表明，这一皮层区域是由两个不同的细胞结构领域。在下面的文章（Luppino等人，'91：J. Comp. Neurol 311：463-482）中，提出了SMA（如经典定义的）对应于F3的生理学证据，而F6是独立的功能区。
The agranular frontal cortex is formed by several distinct functional areas. There is no agreement, however, on its cytoarchitectonic organization. The aim of this study was to redefine the cytoarchitectonic organization of superior and mesial area 6 and the adjacent cingulate cortex in the macaque monkey. A particular goal was to find out whether the so-called supplementary motor area (SMA) is cytoarchitectonically different from the rest of area 6 and whether it can be considered as a single, independent cytoarchitectonic area.The results showed that, rostral to F1 (area 4), four architectonic areas can be recognized in the superior (dorsal) and mesial area 6. Two of them are located on mesial cortical surface (F3 caudally and F6 rostrally) and two on superior cortical convexity (F2 caudally and F7 rostrally).The main cytoarchitectonic features of the five identified areas can be summarized as follows. F1: (1) giant pyramidal cells organized in multiple rows, (2) columnar pattern extending from the white matter to the superficial layers, (3) low cellular density in the lower part of layer III. F3: (1) high cellular density in the lower part of layer III, which fuses with a dense Va, (2) columnar pattern present only in the deepest layer, (3) occasional presence of giant pyramidal cells in layer Vb. F6: (1) prominent layer V, (2) absence of sublayer Vb, (3) homogeneous cell density in superficial layers. F2: (1) thin row of medium-size pyramids in the lowest part of layer III, (2) columnar pattern extending to the superficial layers, (3) dense layer Va, (4) few, scattered giant pyramids in layer Vb. F7: (1) prominent layer V, (2) bipartite layer VI. Areas F1, F2, and F3, as defined cytoarchitectonically, coincided with the homonymous histochemical areas.The present data showed also that area 24 is formed by four subareas: 24a, b, c and d. Areas 24a and b occupy the ventral part of area 24, whereas its dorsal part is formed by area 24c, located rostrally, and area 24d, located caudally. The following features distinguish area 24d from area 24c: (1) larger pyramidal cells in layer V, (2) presence of medium-size pyramidal cells in the lower part of layer III, (3) more prominent columnar pattern, (4) higher myelinization with the presence of an evident horizontal plexus.Mesial area 6 is usually considered as a single functional entity (SMA). Our findings show that this cortical region is formed by two distinct cytoarchitectonic areas. In the following article (Luppino et al. '91: J. Comp. Neurol 311:463-482) physiological evidence is presented that the SMA, as classically defined, corresponds to F3, whereas F6 is an independent functional area.