Bose–Einstein condensation of paraxial light
Bose–Einstein condensation of paraxial light
复制标题
旁轴光的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚
DOI：
10.1007/s00340-011-4734-6
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Weitz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Klaers;J. Schmitt;T. Damm;F. Vewinger;M. Weitz
由于几乎消失的光子-光子相互作用，光子构成了非常好的近似理想玻色气体，但由于化学势消失，（自由）光子气体不会表现出玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚。然而，对于低维光子气体来说不一定如此。通过光学微腔中的荧光诱导热化过程，可以获得具有可自由调节化学势的热光子气体。在实验中，我们观察到光子气体在室温下的热化和随后的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚。在本文中，我们详细描述了该实验，该实验基于填充染料的光学微腔，充当光子的白壁盒。热化是通过光子从染料分子散射而以光子数守恒的方式实现的，并且腔镜既提供了有效的光子质量，又为玻色-爱因斯坦光子凝聚提供了限制潜在的关键先决条件。实验结果与描述热化光子气体特性的统计模型和简单速率方程模型非常吻合。
Photons, due to the virtually vanishing photon–photon interaction, constitute to very good approximation an ideal Bose gas, but owing to the vanishing chemical potential a (free) photon gas does not show Bose–Einstein condensation. However, this is not necessarily true for a lower-dimensional photon gas. By means of a fluorescence induced thermalization process in an optical microcavity one can achieve a thermal photon gas with freely adjustable chemical potential. Experimentally, we have observed thermalization and subsequently Bose–Einstein condensation of the photon gas at room temperature. In this paper, we give a detailed description of the experiment, which is based on a dye-filled optical microcavity, acting as a white-wall box for photons. Thermalization is achieved in a photon number-conserving way by photon scattering off the dye molecules, and the cavity mirrors both provide an effective photon mass and a confining potential-key prerequisites for the Bose–Einstein condensation of photons. The experimental results are in good agreement with both a statistical and a simple rate equation model, describing the properties of the thermalized photon gas.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Klaers, Jan;Schmitt, Julian;Weitz, Martin
通讯作者：
Weitz, Martin