Drug resistance among clinical isolates of frequently encountered bacterial species in Central Europe during 1975-1995
Drug resistance among clinical isolates of frequently encountered bacterial species in Central Europe during 1975-1995
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02561661
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Hafner, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kresken, M;Hafner, D
自1975年以来，Paul-Ehrlich化学治疗学会细菌耐药性研究组一直在进行一项多中心研究，用于监测欧洲中部肠杆菌科、铜绿假单胞菌、葡萄球菌和肠球菌属临床分离株的抗菌药物耐药性。1975年至1995年期间，近60，000种细菌的敏感性数据，收集了由来自奥地利、德国和瑞士的实验室根据共同的协议分离和取样的细菌。这些细菌分离物被各自的研究者知道是引起感染的。从1975年到80年代中期，所检查的细菌物种中没有一种显示出耐药性的增加。克雷伯菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对某些抗生素的耐药率甚至下降。在1990年，特别是在1995年，一个明显增加的阻力，一些害虫-生物对被观察到。在所有被调查的物种中，对氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药率都有所增加。大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、复方新诺明和庆大霉素的耐药性明显增加。铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南的耐药性增加。另一方面，革兰阴性杆菌对头孢菌素的耐药性基本保持不变。在1990年至1995年期间，苯唑西林耐药的流行率在金黄色葡萄球菌中从1.7%增加到12.9%，在凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中从15.8%增加到55.8%，而葡萄球菌和肠球菌对糖肽类的耐药仍然罕见。
A multicenter study for monitoring antimicrobial drug resistance in clinical isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus and Enterococcus species in central Europa conducted by the Study Group Bacterial Resistance of the Paul-Ehrlich-Society for Chemotherapy has been ongoing since 1975, Between 1975 and 1995 susceptibility data on almost 60,000 bacteria, which were isolated and sampled under a common protocol by laboratories from Austria, Germany and Switzerland, were collected, These bacterial isolates were known by the respective investigators to have caused infections, From 1975 to the mid-80s none of the bacterial species examined showed an increase in resistance. The frequency of resistance in klebsiellae and Staphylococcus aureus to some antibiotics even declined. In 1990 and particularly in 1995, a clear increase in resistance for a number of antibiotic-organism pairs was observed. Resistance rates to fluoroquinolones increased in all species under investigation. In Escherichia coli the increase of resistance to ampicillin, co-trimoxazole and gentamicin was remarkable. Resistance to imipenem increased in P. aeruginosa. Resistance to cephalosporins, on the other hand, remained largely unchanged in gram-negative bacilli. Between 1990 and 1995, the prevalence of oxacillin resistance increased from 1.7 to 12.9% in S, aureus and from 15.8 to 55.8% in coagulase-negative staphylococci, whereas staphylococcal and enterococcal resistance to glycopeptides was still rare.