The Extraordinary March 2022 East Antarctica “Heat” Wave. Part II: Impacts on the Antarctic Ice Sheet
The Extraordinary March 2022 East Antarctica “Heat” Wave. Part II: Impacts on the Antarctic Ice Sheet
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2022 年 3 月东南极洲非凡的“热浪”。
DOI：
10.1175/jcli-d-23-0176.1
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发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Bozkurt, Deniz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wille, Jonathan D.;Alexander, Simon P.;Amory, Charles;Baiman, Rebecca;Barthélemy, Léonard;Bergstrom, Dana M.;Berne, Alexis;Binder, Hanin;Blanchet, Juliette;Bozkurt, Deniz
2022年3月15日至19日，东南极洲经历了一场异常的热浪，整个冰盖普遍出现30°-40 ° C的温度异常。在第一部分中，我们评估了产生强烈大气河流（AR）的气象驱动因素，这些河流导致了这些破纪录的温度异常。在这里，我们通过分析AR登陆带来的广泛而多样的影响，继续我们的大型合作研究。这些影响包括沿沿着地区记录到的大范围降雨和表面融化，但这被大范围的高降雪积累所抵消，导致南极东部地区的表面物质平衡基本上为正。对地面能量收支的分析表明，大量的云液水含量沿着一些散射的太阳辐射造成了广泛的向下长波辐射异常，造成了强烈的地面变暖。对水分的同位素测量结果非常高，可能为过去的气候重建留下了强烈的信号。AR事件减弱了Concordia的宇宙射线测量，这是以前从未观察到的。最后，AR登陆西部的一个热带气旋可能引发了极不稳定的康吉冰架的最终崩溃，同时进一步减少了已经创纪录的低海冰范围。重要性声明利用我们多样化的集体专业知识，我们探讨了2022年3月热浪和南极洲东部大气河流的影响。一个关键的结论是，南极冰冻圈对来自中纬度和亚热带的极端气象高度敏感。尽管强烈的向下长波辐射导致了巨大的正温度异常，但这一事件导致了南极内陆沙漠的大量降雪。这些来自暖气团的雪中的同位素很可能在未来的冰芯中被检测到，并可能扭曲过去的气候重建。甚至对空间活动的测量也受到影响。此外，这场风暴产生的涌浪有助于引发已经非常不稳定的康杰冰架的最终崩溃，同时进一步降低海冰覆盖率。
Between 15 and 19 March 2022, East Antarctica experienced an exceptional heat wave with widespread 30°–40°C temperature anomalies across the ice sheet. In Part I, we assessed the meteorological drivers that generated an intense atmospheric river (AR) that caused these record-shattering temperature anomalies. Here, we continue our large collaborative study by analyzing the widespread and diverse impacts driven by the AR landfall. These impacts included widespread rain and surface melt that was recorded along coastal areas, but this was outweighed by widespread high snowfall accumulations resulting in a largely positive surface mass balance contribution to the East Antarctic region. An analysis of the surface energy budget indicated that widespread downward longwave radiation anomalies caused by large cloud-liquid water contents along with some scattered solar radiation produced intense surface warming. Isotope measurements of the moisture were highly elevated, likely imprinting a strong signal for past climate reconstructions. The AR event attenuated cosmic ray measurements at Concordia, something previously never observed. Last, an extratropical cyclone west of the AR landfall likely triggered the final collapse of the critically unstable Conger Ice Shelf while further reducing an already record low sea ice extent.Significance StatementUsing our diverse collective expertise, we explored the impacts from the March 2022 heat wave and atmospheric river across East Antarctica. One key takeaway is that the Antarctic cryosphere is highly sensitive to meteorological extremes originating from the midlatitudes and subtropics. Despite the large positive temperature anomalies driven from strong downward longwave radiation, this event led to huge amounts of snowfall across the Antarctic interior desert. The isotopes in this snow of warm airmass origin will likely be detectable in future ice cores and potentially distort past climate reconstructions. Even measurements of space activity were affected. Also, the swells generated from this storm helped to trigger the final collapse of an already critically unstable Conger Ice Shelf while further degrading sea ice coverage.