Editorial by V. K. Jain, I.I.T. Kanpur (India) for the special issue on “Micromanufacturing”
Editorial by V. K. Jain, I.I.T. Kanpur (India) for the special issue on “Micromanufacturing”
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DOI：
10.1007/s00170-014-6601-1
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
V. Jain
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作者：
V. Jain
设备和产品的小型化正在从厨房家庭到空间技术的生活的各个领域发生，因为它节省了材料，电力，空间，劳动力和金钱。小型化的过程发生在所有生产规模和所有尺寸的产品上。这种小型化的趋势导致了一种新的制造模式，称为“微制造和纳米制造”。本特刊（SI）主要介绍微型制造。这包括微加工，微成形，微铸造，微焊接/微连接等，这些新领域需要更多的研究投入方面的创新技术的微制造。目前，在这一领域的研究工作的一个主要部分，在国际期刊上报道，是集中在宏观制造过程的规模缩小，通过发挥周围的过程输入参数的值。这些工艺中的一些是微铣削、激光束微加工、电化学微加工、激光束辅助微成形和微铸造。大多数这些过程的分析是基于这样的假设，即无论在中观和宏观制造的情况下成立，在微观制造的情况下也成立。然而，这种假设似乎并不十分令人信服。微制造工艺的分析需要完全不同的方法，因为在这些工艺中，材料去除、沉积或变形发生在微米/纳米层面，而不是中观/宏观层面。微车削、微铣削、纳米精加工等的一种新方法是分子动力学模拟（MDS）的应用，其可以在微/纳米水平上给出比为介观/宏观水平开发的理论更好的结果。材料在微/纳米尺度下的去除和沉积行为与宏观尺度下的行为和性质有很大的不同。论证可以扩展到热微制造工艺，如激光束微加工，电子束微加工，激光微焊接，激光辅助微成形等，我相信，时间已经到来，不仅要发展新的微制造技术，但也微制造科学。它应该有助于更好地理解这些过程，以便从现有的微型制造过程中提取最好的可能。这些过程的多目标优化将进一步提高过程性能。关于“微型制造”的这期特刊中的论文（除最后六篇论文外）已被扩展和重新审查，并于2012年12月14日至16日在加尔各答Jadavpur大学举行的第4届国际和第25届全印度制造技术，设计和研究（AIMTDR）会议上发表。根据IJAMT政策，这些文件得到了大幅扩充和重新审查。SI的论文可以分为微加工（传统和先进的），微沉积，纳米精加工，微成型，和杂项。这一特殊问题有两篇论文的激光束的应用。IIT Kharagpur的Saha、Mukherjee和Dhara的第一篇论文报告了激光束在微观纹理中的应用，通过激光照射来改变钛合金（Ti6 Al 4V）的表面性能。通过改变工艺参数，改变微槽的表面形貌，从而影响表面的润湿性和表面的蛋白质吸附能力。Jadavpur大学（JU）的Kibria，Doloi和Bhattacharyya的第二篇论文报告了与表面粗糙度相关的发现。
Miniaturization of the devices and the products is taking place in every sphere of life starting from the kitchen household to the space technology because it saves material, electricity, space, labor, and money. The process of miniaturization is taking place at all scales of production and all sizes of products. This trend of miniaturization has led to a new paradigm in manufacturing named as “Micromanufacturing and Nanomanufacturing.” This special issue (SI) deals mainly with micromanufacturing. This includes micromachining, microforming, microcasting, microwelding/microjoining, etc. These new areas need a lot more research inputs in terms of innovative new technologies for micromanufacturing. At present, a major part of the research work in this field, reported in the International Journals, is centered toward the scaling down of the macromanufacturing processes by playing around with the values of the process input parameters. To name some of these processes are micromilling, laser beam micromachining, electrochemical micromachining, laser beam-assisted microforming, and microcasting. Analysis of most of these processes is based on the assumptions that whatever holds true in the case of meso-and macromanufacturing holds true in the case of micromanufacturing as well. However, this assumption does not seem to be very convincing. The analysis of micromanufacturing processes requires altogether a different kind of approach because in these processes, the material removal, deposition, or deformation is taking place at micro/nanolevel rather than meso/macrolevel. One new approach for microturning, micromilling, nanofinishing, etc. is the application of molecular dynamic simulation (MDS) which can give better results at micro/nanolevel than the theories developed for meso/macro level. The behavior and properties of the materials at micro/nanolevel material removal and material deposition are quite different from the one at macrolevel. Argument can be extended for thermal micromanufacturing processes, say, laser beam micromachining, electron beam micromachining, laser microwelding, laser-assisted microforming, etc. I believe that the time has come to develop not only new micromanufacturing technologies but also micromanufacturing science. It should help in better understanding of the processes so that the best possible can be extracted from the existing micromanufacturing processes. Multi-objective optimization of these processes would further enhance the process performance. This special issue on “Micromanufacturing” has the papers (except last six papers) which have been expanded and rereviewed, and which were presented in the 4th International and 25th All India Manufacturing Technology, Design and Research (AIMTDR) Conference held at Jadavpur University Kolkata during December 14–16, 2012. These papers were substantially expanded and re-reviewed as per the IJAMT policy. The papers of the SI can be grouped together in micromachining (traditional and advanced both), microdeposition, nanofinishing, microforming, and miscellaneous.This special issue has two papers on the applications of laser beam. The first paper by Saha, Mukherjee, and Dhara of IIT Kharagpur reports the application of laser beam in microtexturing to modify the surface properties of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) by laser irradiation. By varying the process parameters, the surface topography of microgrooves was varied which affects surface wettability and the protein adsorption capability of the surface. The second paper by Kibria, Doloi, and Bhattacharyya of Jadavpur University (JU) reports the findings related to surface roughness …