AUTOMATIC PARTICLE AND BACTERIAL COLONY COUNTER
AUTOMATIC PARTICLE AND BACTERIAL COLONY COUNTER
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DOI：
10.1126/science.126.3278.823
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发表时间：
1957-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
MANSBERG, HP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MANSBERG, HP
数据的准确性和可重复性分别如图2和图3所示。图2将累积的脉冲数与图表上扫出的正方形面积联系起来；这些数据是通过使用缩放单元对脉冲总数进行累加而获得的。Speedo-max设置了毫伏电源，以在基线上方的恒定距离运行。缩放单元和定时时钟同时启动和停止。在经过的时间内，作为基线和笔位置之间距离的函数，在图表上扫出一个确定的区域块。根据图2中5分钟内记录的计数总数，以任意单位绘制该区域。可以看出，在这些方形区域的基础上，仪器给出了完全一致的结果。使用记录仪后，结果显示任意一个单位几乎等于1平方厘米，因此在图2和图3上绘制的数据之间存在密切的对应关系。在图3中，将自动积分器获得的用于测量多个校准色谱图的结果与使用BK Elliott手测平面图获得的相同峰的面积进行比较。在这些实验中，不同数量的几种气体在载氦气流中通过色谱柱，并以常规方式记录反应。应该强调的是，这些数据包括三种不同气体的结果：2,3 -二甲基丁烷（四甲基乙烷，或TME），丙烯和氩气。得到的色谱峰形状大不相同。低区氩峰非常窄而尖锐。事实上，这些面积很低，因为这些气体没有被阻挡在柱中，因此，即使有接近全尺寸的偏转，基线处的峰宽也不会超过约4毫米。丙烯峰仍然相当尖锐，特别是在前部，但被一个中等强度的尾部扭曲。最后，2,3 -二甲基丁烷（TME）的峰宽远大于峰高。因此，无论峰的形状如何，自动积分器测量的面积至少与手动积分器一样准确。这个集成器可以由已知和可用的项目制成一个有效的单元，我们认为它的简单和方便可能使它对其他人有用。
The accuracy and repeatability of the data are shown in Figs. 2 and 3, respec-tively. Figure 2 relates the number of pulses accumulated to the squarearea swept out on the chart; these data were obtained by using a scaling unit to total-ize the number of pulses. The Speedo-max was set with a millivolt source to run at a constant distance above the base line. The scaling unit and a timing clock were started and stopped simultaneously. During the elapsed time, a definite block of area was swept out on the chart as a function of the distance between the base line and the pen position. This area was plotted in arbitrary units against the total number of counts recorded in the 5-minute periods in Fig. 2. It can be seen that, on the basis of these square areas, the instrument gave perfect agreement. With the recorder used, it turned out that an arbitrary unit was nearly equal to 1 square centimeter, so that there is a close correspondence between the data plotted on Fig. 2 and on Fig. 3. In Fig. 3, the results obtained from the automatic integrator for measurement of a number of calibration chro-matograms are compared with the areas of the same peaks obtained using a BK Elliott hand planimeter. In these experiments, varying amounts of the several gases were passed through the column in a helium-carrying gas stream, and'the response was recorded in-the-conven-tional manner. It should be emphasized that these data include results with three different gases: 2, 3-dimethylbutane (tet-ramethylethane, or TME), propylene, and argon. The chromatographic peaks obtained for these were of vastly different shapes. The low-area argon peaks were extremely narrow and sharp. In fact, the areas are low because this gas was not held up in the column so that, even with a nearly full-scale deflection, the peak width at the base line did not ex-ceed about 4 millimeters. The propylene peaks were still quite sharp, particularly on the front side, but were skewed by a moderately strong tail. Finally, the peaks for 2, 3-dimethylbutane (TME) were very much broader than they were high. Thus, regardless of the shape of the peak, the automatic integrator appears to measure the area at least as ac-curately as hand integration. This integrator can be made as an effective unit from known and available items, and we believe that its simplicity and convenience may make it useful to others.