Electric Fields and Enzyme Catalysis.

Electric Fields and Enzyme Catalysis.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biochem-061516-044432
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发表时间:
2017-06-20
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Boxer SG
Boxer SG
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fried SD;Boxer SG

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在酶的活性位点内发生了什么,使得缓慢而困难的化学反应如此迅速地发生?这个问题长期以来一直是生物化学家关注的焦点。越来越复杂的计算机模型已经预测了静电相互作用在酶促反应中的重要作用,但这一假设已被证明难以通过实验验证。利用振动斯塔克效应的最新实验使得测量底物分子在其酶活性位点内结合时所经历的电场成为可能。这些实验提供了令人信服的证据,支持静电对酶催化的重大贡献。在这里,我们回顾这些结果,并开发一个简单的静电催化模型,使我们能够将不同的概念介绍了许多调查人员来描述酶如何工作到一个更统一的框架,强调电场的重要性,在活性位点。
What happens inside an enzyme’s active site to allow slow and difficult chemical reactions to occur so rapidly? This question has occupied biochemists’ attention for a long time. Computer models of increasing sophistication have predicted an important role for electrostatic interactions in enzymatic reactions, yet this hypothesis has proved vexingly difficult to test experimentally. Recent experiments utilizing the vibrational Stark effect make it possible to measure the electric field a substrate molecule experiences when bound inside its enzyme’s active site. These experiments have provided compelling evidence supporting a major electrostatic contribution to enzymatic catalysis. Here, we review these results and develop a simple model for electrostatic catalysis that enables us to incorporate disparate concepts introduced by many investigators to describe how enzymes work into a more unified framework stressing the importance of electric fields at the active site.
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发表时间: 1984-01-01
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