Enhanced nitrate contribution during winter haze events in a megacity of Sichuan Basin, China: Formation mechanism and source apportionment
Enhanced nitrate contribution during winter haze events in a megacity of Sichuan Basin, China: Formation mechanism and source apportionment
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中国四川盆地大城市冬季雾霾事件期间硝酸盐贡献增强：形成机制和来源解析
DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.133272
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发表时间：
2022-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fumo Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tianli Song;Miao Feng;Danlin Song;Li Zhou;Yang Qiu;Qinwen Tan;Fumo Yang
成都作为中国典型的盆地城市，近年来仍然遭受着严重的雾霾污染。为了全面了解北京市细颗粒物（PM 2.5）的化学成因和来源，于2018年冬季在一个城市超级站点进行了PM 2.5种类和其他污染物的在线观测。观测期间PM2.5平均浓度为71.7微克/立方米，其中近一半的测量天数超过中国国家空气质量标准（75微克/立方米）。PM2.5中含量最高的是有机碳（20.5%），其次是硝酸盐（16.0%）、铵（13.2%）和硫酸盐（12.8%）。其中，硝酸盐的形成大大有助于烟雾污染，这一现象加剧了氨丰富的环境和非均相反应。正矩阵分解模型分析表明，二次气溶胶形成对PM2.5的贡献最大（43.4%），而工业过程的贡献最小（3.3%）。此外，燃煤和生物质燃烧/烟花爆竹两种燃烧源分别占14.1%和12.5%，其贡献随PM2.5浓度的增加而显著增加。气团轨迹聚类分析和浓度加权轨迹分析表明，成都东南部是主要污染源的热点区域。这些结果表明，持续的雾霾污染改善需要持续加强对NOx、NH 3等前体物的控制，严格控制燃烧源可能是消除重污染的关键，针对特定污染区域应实施各种联防联控措施。·调查了成都市灰霾污染的成因和来源。硝酸盐的形成对灰霾的发生和发展起着重要作用。·富NH3气氛和非均相反应强烈促进硝酸盐的形成。·二次形成被确定为PM 2.5的主要来源。·燃烧源是成都市颗粒物严重污染的主要原因。
Chengdu, a typical basin city in China, still suffers from severe haze pollution in recent years. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the chemical causes and sources of fine particle matter (PM 2.5 ) in this city, online observations of PM 2.5 species and other pollutants were conducted at an urban supersite in winter of 2018. The average PM 2.5 concentration during the observation period was 71.7 μg/m 3 , of which nearly half of the measurement days exceeded China's National Air Quality Standard (75 μg/m 3 ). The most abundant species in PM 2.5 was organic carbon (20.5%), followed by nitrate (16.0%), ammonium (13.2%), and sulfate (12.8%). Among them, nitrate formation contributed substantially to haze pollution, a phenomenon enhanced by the ammonia-rich environment and heterogeneous reactions. The positive matrix factorization model analysis showed that the largest contributor to PM 2.5 was secondary aerosol formation (43.4%), while industrial process contributed the least (3.3%). In addition, two combustion sources, coal combustion and biomass burning/fireworks, accounted for 14.1% and 12.5%, respectively, and their contributions increased significantly with PM 2.5 concentration. Air mass trajectory clustering analysis and concentration-weighted trajectory analysis showed that southeastern part of Chengdu was the hotspot for major pollution sources. These results suggest that sustained haze pollution improvement requires continuous strengthening control of precursors such as NOx and NH 3 , and strict control of combustion sources may be the key to eliminate heavy pollution, and various joint prevention and control measures should be implemented for specific pollution areas. • The causes and sources of haze pollution in Chengdu were investigated. • Nitrate formation played an important role in the occurrence and evolution of haze. • The NH 3 -rich atmosphere and heterogeneous reactions strongly promoted nitrate formation. • Secondary formation was identified as the dominant source of PM 2.5 . • Combustion sources are the main causes of severe particulate pollution in Chengdu.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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