Storage-Dependent Generation of Potent Anti-ZIKV Activity in Human Breast Milk
Storage-Dependent Generation of Potent Anti-ZIKV Activity in Human Breast Milk
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DOI：
10.3390/v11070591
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Mueller, Janis A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conzelmann, Carina;Zou, Min;Mueller, Janis A.
寨卡病毒（ZIKV）导致先天性神经系统出生缺陷，特别是小头畸形，并与成人的其他严重并发症有关。该病毒已在人类母乳中检测到，并已报告可能通过母乳喂养传播。母乳中含有丰富的营养物质和生物活性物质，可能直接影响病毒的传染性。因此，在这里，我们分析了人类母乳对ZIKV感染的影响。我们观察到新鲜的人类母乳对ZIKV没有影响，但发现在储存时，牛奶有效地抑制了感染。抗病毒活性存在于牛奶的含脂肪奶油部分中，并导致病毒颗粒结构完整性的破坏，从而消除感染性。该因子的释放是时间依赖性的，但随供体和孵育温度而变化。掺入ZIKV的乳的病毒滴度在37 ° C储存8小时后显著降低，在4 ° C储存2天后完全丧失，但在-20 ° C不受影响。这表明牛奶的冷藏使ZIKV失活，并且牛奶中的抗病毒因子也可能在母乳喂养时产生并限制ZIKV的这种传播途径。
Zika virus (ZIKV) causes congenital neurologic birth defects, notably microcephaly, and has been associated with other serious complications in adults. The virus has been detected in human breast milk and possible transmissions via breastfeeding have been reported. Breast milk is rich in nutrients and bio-active substances that might directly affect viral infectivity. Thus, here, we analyzed the effect of human breast milk on ZIKV infection. We observed that fresh human breast milk had no effect on ZIKV, but found that upon storage, milk effectively suppressed infection. The antiviral activity is present in the fat-containing cream fraction of milk and results in the destruction of the structural integrity of viral particles, thereby abrogating infectivity. The release of the factor is time dependent but varies with donors and incubation temperatures. The viral titer of milk that was spiked with ZIKV decreased considerably upon storage at 37 degrees C for 8 h, was lost entirely after 2 days of 4 degrees C storage, but was not affected at -20 degrees C. This suggests that cold storage of milk inactivates ZIKV and that the antiviral factor in milk may also be generated upon breastfeeding and limit this transmission route of ZIKV.