Planting pattern and irrigation effects on water status of winter wheat
Planting pattern and irrigation effects on water status of winter wheat
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DOI：
10.1017/s0021859615001197
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Wang;X. B. Zhou;Yu-hai Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Wang;X. B. Zhou;Yu-hai Chen
摘要研究了2008/09和2009/10两季华北地区不同种植方式和灌溉方式对冬小麦土壤含水量、气孔导度、叶片相对含水量、叶片水势和叶片水分利用效率的影响。田间试验采用随机完全区组设计，采用三种种植模式：(i)均匀行距25 cm，宽窄行距40和20 cm交替种植；（ii）平畦和（iii）沟垄苗床。此外，还采用了90、135和180 mm的灌溉处理。种植方式、灌溉处理及其相互作用对土壤含水量、气孔导度、叶片相对含水量、叶片水势和叶片水分利用效率均有显著影响。土壤含水量、气孔导度、叶片相对含水量、叶片水势、粒穗比、千粒重、叶片水分利用效率和产量均以沟脊种床模式最高，且随灌水量的增加而增加（叶片水分利用效率除外）。135 mm灌溉处理叶片水分利用效率显著高于其他处理。土壤含水量、气孔导度、叶片相对含水量、叶片水势、粒穗比和千粒重与冬小麦叶片水分利用效率和产量呈正相关。沟脊苗床种植模式与135 mm灌溉的交互作用提高了土壤含水量、叶片水分指数、粒穗比、千粒重、叶片水分利用效率和产量。这些结果表明，对小麦产量产生了有益的响应。沟垄种床模式配合135 mm灌溉，改善了土壤和叶片水分状况，节水增产。
SUMMARY The effects of planting pattern and irrigation on the soil water content, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential and leaf water use efficiency of winter wheat were investigated in North China during the 2008/09 and 2009/10 growing seasons. A field experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design that consisted of three planting patterns: (i) a uniform row spacing of 25 cm, and alternating wide–narrow row spacing of 40 and 20 cm tested as (ii) flat and (iii) furrow–ridge seedbeds. In addition, irrigation treatments of 90, 135 and 180 mm were used. The planting pattern, irrigation treatments and interactions between them significantly affected soil water content, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential and leaf water use efficiency. The soil water content, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential, grains/spike, thousand grain weight, leaf water use efficiency and yield were highest in the furrow–ridge seedbed planting pattern and increased with increasing irrigation (except for the leaf water use efficiency). The leaf water use efficiency in the 135 mm irrigation treatment was significantly greater than in the other treatments. In addition, soil water content, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, leaf water potential, grains/spike and thousand grain weight were positively correlated with leaf water use efficiency and yield of winter wheat. The interaction between the furrow–ridge seedbed planting pattern and 135 mm irrigation increased soil water content, leaf water indices, grains/spike, thousand grain weight, leaf water use efficiency and yield. These results indicated that a beneficial response occurred for wheat yield. The furrow–ridge seedbed planting pattern combined with 135 mm of irrigation improved the soil and leaf water status and could increase wheat yield while using less water.