Holistic Nanowire Laser Characterization as a Route to Optimal Design
Holistic Nanowire Laser Characterization as a Route to Optimal Design
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DOI：
10.1002/adom.202202476
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发表时间：
2023-01-27
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
Parkinson, Patrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Church, Stephen A.;Patel, Nikesh;Parkinson, Patrick
纳米线激光器由于提供可积的、相干的和单色辐射而被用于近场和芯片上的光子应用：其功能性能(阈值和波长)取决于每根纳米线的光电和结晶学属性。然而，可扩展的自下而上的制造技术经常受到纳米线间差异的影响，导致不同纳米线之间的产量和性能差异。建立制造控制、几何和材料特性以及激光性能之间的关系是实现优化的关键一步；然而，由于这些特性的相互依赖，实现这一点是具有挑战性的。在这里，提出了一种高通量相关方法来表征5000多个独立的GaAsP/GaAs多量子阱纳米线激光器。对自发辐射的拟合提供了阈值载流子密度，而相干长度测量确定了端面反射率。由于量子限制和能带填充效应，其性能本质上与单个量子势垒的宽度有关。出乎意料的是，激光腔的性质与阈值之间没有很强的关系：相反，阈值与载流子的非辐射复合寿命呈负相关。因此，这种方法提供了一种通过小规模研究无法获得的优化策略。
Nanowire lasers are sought for near-field and on-chip photonic applications as they provide integrable, coherent, and monochromatic radiation: the functional performance (threshold and wavelength) is dependent on both the opto-electronic and crystallographic properties of each nanowire. However, scalable bottom-up manufacturing techniques often suffer from inter-nanowire variation, leading to differences in yield and performance between individual nanowires. Establishing the relationship between manufacturing controls, geometric and material properties, and the lasing performance is a crucial step toward optimisation; however, this is challenging to achieve due to the interdependance of such properties. Here, a high-throughput correlative approach is presented to characterise over 5000 individual GaAsP/GaAs multiple quantum well nanowire lasers. Fitting the spontaneous emission provides the threshold carrier density, while coherence length measurements determine the end-facet reflectivity. The performance is intrinsically related to the width of a single quantum well due to quantum confinement and bandfilling effects. Unexpectedly, there is no strong relationship between the properties of the lasing cavity and the threshold: instead the threshold is negatively correlated with the non-radiative recombination lifetime of the carriers. This approach therefore provides an optimisation strategy that is not accessible through small-scale studies.