Ixodes scapularis saliva components that elicit responses associated with acquired tick-resistance
Ixodes scapularis saliva components that elicit responses associated with acquired tick-resistance
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.101369
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Fikrig, Erol
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Narasimhan, Sukanya;Kurokawa, Cheyne;Fikrig, Erol
蜱虫和蜱传疾病在世界范围内呈上升趋势，预防蜱传疾病传播的疫苗是迫切的公共卫生需求。蜱虫将病原体传播给哺乳动物宿主发生在蜱虫进食期间。因此，有理由认为疫苗靶向对进食至关重要的蜱蛋白将阻止蜱进食，从而防止病原体传播。获得性蜱免疫的现象，其中反复的蜱感染非天然宿主导致宿主免疫应答的发展，这对蜱进食有害，已经作为寻求可以作为疫苗靶向的蜱唾液抗原的稳健范例。虽然已经鉴定了几种唾液抗原，但针对这些抗原引起的免疫仅提供适度的蜱排斥。这提出了获得性蜱免疫针对蜱组分而不是蜱唾液抗原的可能性。使用肩突硬蜱，黑腿蜱，载体的几种人类病原体，我们证明，针对蜱唾液糖蛋白的免疫力确实足以概括的现象，蜱抗性。这些观察结果强调了蜱唾液糖蛋白作为可行的疫苗靶点的效用，以阻止蜱喂食，并指导我们寻找抗蜱疫苗候选物。
Ticks and tick-borne diseases are on the rise world-wide and vaccines to prevent transmission of tick-borne diseases is an urgent public health need. Tick transmission of pathogens to the mammalian host occurs during tick feeding. Therefore, it is reasoned that vaccine targeting of tick proteins essential for feeding would thwart tick feeding and consequently prevent pathogen transmission. The phenomenon of acquired tick-immunity, wherein, repeated tick infestations of non-natural hosts results in the development of host immune responses detrimental to tick feeding has served as a robust paradigm in the pursuit of tick salivary antigens that may be vaccine targeted. While several salivary antigens have been identified, immunity elicited against these antigens have only provided modest tick rejection. This has raised the possibility that acquired tick-immunity is directed against tick components other than tick salivary antigens. Using Ixodes scapularis, the blacklegged tick, that vectors several human pathogens, we demonstrate that immunity directed against tick salivary glycoproteins is indeed sufficient to recapitulate the phenomenon of tick-resistance. These observations emphasize the utility of tick salivary glycoproteins as viable vaccine targets to thwart tick feeding and direct our search for anti-tick vaccine candidates.