Cytospora species (Ascomycota, Diaporthales, Valsaceae):: introduced and native pathogens of trees in South Africa
Cytospora species (Ascomycota, Diaporthales, Valsaceae):: introduced and native pathogens of trees in South Africa
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DOI：
10.1071/ap06058
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Wingfield, M. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adams, G. C.;Roux, J.;Wingfield, M. J.
胞孢菌属（腐烂病菌属的无性型）是木本植物的常见居民，它们包括重要的茎和分支溃疡病病原体。这些真菌的分离物是从南非的患病和健康树木中收集的。根据形态学和转基因间间隔区核糖体DNA的DNA序列同源性对它们进行鉴定。南非分离株与世界其他地区收集的分离株进行了比较，它们代表了13 - 14个已知物种和3个独特谱系的种群中的25个遗传上不同的序列。有几个物种是南非的新记录，是该国以前报道的这些真菌的两倍。来自非本地桉树，苹果，松，杨，李和柳属物种和来自澳大利亚，欧洲或美洲的菌株的南非分离株的胞孢菌之间的相似性表明，真菌病原体与其宿主作为内生菌一起输入。从土著油橄榄和金合欢分离似乎代表当地人口。宿主转移是明显的，包括桉树种群，也发生在芒果，杨树，红杉，西藏和荆条。与Valsa kunzei相关的分离物代表了广泛种植的木材树木，辐射松上的胞孢属物种的首次报道。一个识别关键Cytospora种在南非包括在内。
Cytospora spp. (anamorphs of Valsa spp.) are common inhabitants of woody plants and they include important stem and branch canker pathogens. Isolates of these fungi were collected from diseased and healthy trees in South Africa. They were identified based on morphology and DNA sequence homology of the intertransgenic spacer ribosomal DNA. South African isolates were compared with isolates collected in other parts of the world, and they represented 25 genetically distinct sequences residing within the populations of 13 - 14 known species and three unique lineages. Several species are new records for South Africa, doubling previous reports of these fungi from the country. Similarities between South African isolates of Cytospora from non-native Eucalyptus, Malus, Pinus, Populus, Prunus and Salix species and isolates from Australia, Europe or America suggest that the fungal pathogens were imported with their hosts as endophytes. Isolates from indigenous Olea and Acacia appear to represent native populations. Host shifts were evident, including populations on Eucalyptus that also occurred on Mangifera, Populus, Sequoia, Tibouchina and Vitex. Isolates related to Valsa kunzei represent the first report of a Cytospora species on the widely cultivated timber tree, Pinus radiata. An identification key to Cytospora species in South Africa is included.