A Monographic Revision of the Ant Genus Ponera Latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).
A Monographic Revision of the Ant Genus Ponera Latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).
复制标题
蚂蚁属 Ponera Latreille（膜翅目：蚁科）的专题修订。
DOI：
10.5281/zenodo.24814
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Robert W. Taylor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Robert W. Taylor
大部分的物种都是由Ponera（s.））可能被分配到一个新界定的属，命名为Hypoponera Santschi（新地位，为Ponera亚属Hypoponera）。28生活和1灭绝的物种仍然在Ponera专着，新的属分类讨论后。被描述为新物种的有：Ponera alpha，P. angusta（NE New Guinea）; P. pastaensis（Borneo）; P. chapmani（Neuralia，Philippines）; P. manni（Viti Levu，Fiji），P. loi and P. woodwardi（Upolu，Samoa）.这是一系列论文中的第一篇，这些论文讨论的是在埃默里（1911）和惠勒（1922）的分类中被归为Ponera属的蚂蚁。埃默里惠勒系统最近发生了相当大的变化，根据现代知识，它将不再成功地运作。最近的研究需要许多老属的同义词，因为他们已经合并到另一个对他们的地位的批判性检查。本文提供了另一个属的变化，在这种情况下，不是一个同义词，而是一个分裂;因为它表明，Ponera（广义）由两个不同的，非同源的，容易区分的属。真正的Ponera只包含28个生活在印度-澳大利亚地区，北美东部和欧洲的物种;而第二属接收了大部分前Ponera物种，包括所有的新热带和埃塞俄比亚形式。最后一个组合命名为Hypoponera Santschi（1938），最初被分配为Ponera下的亚属地位。Santschi的形态学标准Hypoponera分类学上是没有意义的，但他的模式种，Ponera abeillei Andre 1881，属于我的第二个属，必须相应地命名。此外，这项研究提供了一个世界修订波内拉，在新的限制意义上。我已经检查了数百个Ponera（广义）标本，包括大多数类型。因此，它可以自信地声称，所有以前在Ponera描述的物种，并与模式，P. coarctata同属，包括在这里。作为主要研究的一个副业，希尔的形式属Poneropsis已被用作一个副轴分类的类别，包括所有的，但一个化石蚂蚁以前分配到Ponera（泰勒1964年）。1.根据在部分达到哈佛大学哲学博士学位要求的情况下完成的研究。2.这项研究部分由美国政府支持。S.国家科学基金会资助GB-1634。3.现地址：澳大利亚堪培拉，联邦科学与工业研究组织昆虫学司。
Most species of Ponera (s. lat.) may be assigned to a newly delimited genus taking the name Hypoponera Santschi (new status, for Ponera subgenus Hypoponera). The 28 living and 1 extinct species remaining in Ponera are monographed, following discussion of the new generic classification. Species described as new are: Ponera alpha, P. angusta (NE New Guinea) ; P. borneensis (Borneo) ; P. chapmani (Negros, Philippines) ; P. manni (Viti Levu, Fiji), P. loi and P. woodwardi (Upolu, Samoa). This is the first of a series of proposed papers dealing with those species assigned to the ant genus Ponera in the classification of Emery (1911) and Wheeler (1922). The EmeryWheeler system has been subject to considerable recent change and will no longer operate successfully in the light of modern knowledge. Recent research has necessitated synonymy of many older genera, as they have merged one into another on critical examination of their status. This paper offers yet another generic change, in this case not a synonymy but a split; for it demonstrates that Ponera {sensu lato) consists of two distinct, non-cognate, and easily distinguished genera. True Ponera contains only 28 living species confined to the IndoAustralian area, eastern North America and Europe; while the second genus receives most of the former Ponera species, including all of the Neotropical and Ethiopian forms. This last assemblage takes the name Hypoponera Santschi (1938) which was originally assigned subgeneric status under Ponera. Santschi's morphological criteria of Hypoponera are taxonomically meaningless, but his type species, Ponera abeillei Andre 1881, belongs in my second genus which must be named accordingly. In addition this study provides a world revision of Ponera, in the newly restricted sense. I have examined many hundreds of specimens of Ponera (sensu lato), including most types. Consequently it can be confidently claimed that all species previously described in Ponera, and congeneric with the type, P. coarctata, are included here. As a sideline to the main study Heer's form-genus Poneropsis has been utilized as a parataxonomic category, containing all but one of the many fossil ants previously assigned to Ponera (Taylor 1964). 1. Based on research completed in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Harvard University. 2. Research supported in part by U. S. National Science Foundation Grant GB-1634. 3. Present address: Entomology Division, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia.