The genome sequence of the metal-mobilizing, extremely thermoacidophilic archaeon Metallosphaera sedula provides insights into bioleaching-associated metabolism
The genome sequence of the metal-mobilizing, extremely thermoacidophilic archaeon Metallosphaera sedula provides insights into bioleaching-associated metabolism
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.02019-07
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Kelly, Robert M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Auernik, Kathryne S.;Maezato, Yukari;Kelly, Robert M.
尽管它们的分类学描述，但并非硫化叶目的所有成员都能够氧化还原硫物质，除了铁氧化之外，这是生物采矿微生物的理想特性。然而，极端嗜热嗜酸古菌的完整基因组序列（2.2 Mb，类似于2，300个开放阅读框[ORF]）提供了对生物催化金属硫化物氧化的见解。比较基因组学被用来鉴定（直接或间接）与生物沥滤有关的途径和蛋白质。正如预期的那样，M。sedula基因组包含与自养碳固定、金属耐受和粘附相关的基因。此外，末端氧化酶簇组织表明存在的混合喹啉-细胞色素氧化酶复合物。与嗜温生物采矿菌AcidithiobacillusferrooxidansATCC 23270的比较表明，M. sedula基因组编码至少一种参与铁氧化的推定的质朴花青苷和一种参与硫氧化的推定的连四硫酸盐水解酶。fox基因簇，参与嗜热嗜酸古菌金属硫化叶菌铁氧化，也被确定。这些铁和硫氧化组分在硫化叶菌目的非浸出成员的基因组中缺失，例如硫磺硫化叶菌P2和酸热硫化叶菌DSM 639。全基因组转录响应分析表明，有88个ORF在M. sedula添加硫酸亚铁的酵母提取物为基础的培养基;这些包括基因的终端氧化酶簇预测参与铁氧化的成分，以及预测参与硫代谢的基因。许多假设的蛋白质也被差异转录，表明M。仍有待于鉴定和表征。
Despite their taxonomic description, not all members of the order Sulfolobales are capable of oxidizing reduced sulfur species, which, in addition to iron oxidation, is a desirable trait of biomining microorganisms. However, the complete genome sequence of the extremely thermoacidophilic archaeon Metallosphaera sedula DSM 5348 (2.2 Mb, similar to 2,300 open reading frames [ORFs]) provides insights into biologically catalyzed metal sulfide oxidation. Comparative genomics was used to identify pathways and proteins involved (directly or indirectly) with bioleaching. As expected, the M. sedula genome contains genes related to autotrophic carbon fixation, metal tolerance, and adhesion. Also, terminal oxidase cluster organization indicates the presence of hybrid quinol-cytochrome oxidase complexes. Comparisons with the mesophilic biomining bacterium Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 indicate that the M. sedula genome encodes at least one putative rusticyanin, involved in iron oxidation, and a putative tetrathionate hydrolase, implicated in sulfur oxidation. The fox gene cluster, involved in iron oxidation in the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus metallicus, was also identified. These iron- and sulfur-oxidizing components are missing from genomes of nonleaching members of the Sulfolobales, such as Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 and Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639. Whole-genome transcriptional response analysis showed that 88 ORFs were up-regulated twofold or more in M. sedula upon addition of ferrous sulfate to yeast extract-based medium; these included genes for components of terminal oxidase clusters predicted to be involved with iron oxidation, as well as genes predicted to be involved with sulfur metabolism. Many hypothetical proteins were also differentially transcribed, indicating that aspects of the iron and sulfur metabolism of M. sedula remain to be identified and characterized.