Hybrid hydrogels to which single-stranded (ss) DNA probe is incorporated can recognize specific ssDNA
Hybrid hydrogels to which single-stranded (ss) DNA probe is incorporated can recognize specific ssDNA
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DOI：
10.1021/ma047803h
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发表时间：
2005-03-08
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Maeda, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murakami, Y;Maeda, M
水凝胶是一种可膨胀但不溶于水的三维交联聚合物网络，具有多种功能特性，例如吸收大量水的能力和类似于天然组织的柔韧性。这些特性提供了许多潜在的应用，特别是在生物技术和医学领域。特别是刺激响应水凝胶，其响应环境中的物理或化学变化而发生体积转变，引起了人们的极大兴趣。 1 这些智能材料可能适合设计用于生物分离、2 生物传感、3r5 驱动、6、7 和受控药物释放的设备。 8r10 迄今为止，已有多种对刺激作出响应的水凝胶，例如温度、11 pH、12 离子浓度、13 光、14 和电场 15 的变化。在这些刺激响应水凝胶中，含有合成聚合物和生物活性分子的非共价形成的杂化水凝胶显示出有趣的特性。例如，抗原和抗体之间的结合可以在水凝胶中引入不可逆3或可逆4交联。由于游离抗原与固定化抗体的竞争性结合导致交联数量减少，因此这些水凝胶在游离抗原存在的情况下会膨胀。另一方面，根据交联蛋白质模块在结构、机械强度和折叠/展开过程方面的特性，含有合成水溶性聚合物和重组蛋白质模块的杂化水凝胶具有pH和温度响应性。 16r19 这些特性可用于设计特性良好的 pH 和温度响应型生物材料。我们在此报告了两种能够识别单链 (ss) DNA 的新型混合水凝胶。我们的策略是以直接嫁接或半互穿网络 (semi-IPN) 方式将 ssDNA（作为识别 ssDNA 样品的探针）整合到聚丙烯酰胺 (polyAAm) 水凝胶中。本研究合成了三种水凝胶，即含有直接嫁接的 ssDNA 的水凝胶（图 1a-1）、含有半互穿网络方式的 ssDNArpolyAAm 缀合物的水凝胶（图 1a-2）和作为对照的常规聚AAm 水凝胶（图 1b）（图 2）。
Hydrogels, which are three-dimensional cross-linked polymer networks that swell, but are insoluble in water, have various functional properties, such as the ability to absorb a significant amount of water and flexibility similar to a natural tissue. These properties have provided many potential applications, particularly in biotechnological and medical fields. In particular, stimuliresponsive hydrogels, which undergo volume transitions in response to physical or chemical changes in their environment, have been of great interest. 1 These intelligent materials may be suitable for designing devices for bioseparation, 2 biosensing, 3r5 actuation, 6, 7 and controlled drug release. 8r10 To date, various hydrogels that are responsive to stimuli, such as changes in temperature, 11 pH, 12 ion concentration, 13 light, 14 and electric fields, 15 have been reported. Among these stimuli-responsive hydrogels, noncovalently formed hybrid hydrogels containing synthetic polymers and biologically active molecules have shown interesting properties. The binding between an antigen and an antibody, for example, can introduce irreversible3 or reversible4 cross-links in the hydrogels. Since the competitive binding of a free antigen with an immobilized antibody results in a decrease in the number of cross-links, these hydrogels swell in the presence of a free antigen. On the other hand, hybrid hydrogels containing synthetic water-soluble polymers and recombinant protein modules are pH-and temperature-responsive, according to the properties of crosslinking protein modules in terms of structure, mechanical strength, and folding/unfolding processes. 16r19 These properties are useful in designing well-characterized pH-and temperature-responsive biomaterials. We report here two novel hybrid hydrogels that can recognize single-stranded (ss) DNA. Our strategy was to incorporate ssDNA (as a probe to recognize a ssDNA sample) into polyacrylamide (polyAAm) hydrogels in directly grafting or semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) manners. Three hydrogels, ie., a hydrogel containing directly grafted ssDNA (Figure 1a-1), a hydrogel containing a ssDNArpolyAAm conjugate in a semi-IPN manner (Figure 1a-2), and a conventional polyAAm hydrolgel as a control (Figure 1b), were synthesized in this study (Figure 2).