Search for PeV Gamma-Ray Emission from the Southern Hemisphere with 5 Yr of Data from the IceCube Observatory
Search for PeV Gamma-Ray Emission from the Southern Hemisphere with 5 Yr of Data from the IceCube Observatory
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/ab6d67
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发表时间：
2019-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Aartsen;M. Ackermann;J. Adams;J. Aguilar;M. Ahlers;M. Ahrens;C. Alispach;K. Andeen;T. Anderson;I. Ansseau;G. Anton;C. Arguelles;J. Auffenberg;S. Axani;P. Backes;H. Bagherpour;X. Bai;V. A.Balagopal;A. Barbano;S. Barwick;B. Bastian;V. Baum;S. Baur;R. Bay;J. Beatty;K. Becker;J. Tjus;S. BenZvi;D. Berley;E. Bernardini;D. Besson;G. Binder;D. Bindig;E. Blaufuss;S. Blot;C. Bohm;M. Borner;S. Boser;O. Botner;J. Bottcher;E. Bourbeau;J. Bourbeau;F. Bradascio;J. Braun;S. Bron;J. Brostean-Kaiser;A. Burgman;J. Buscher;R. Busse;T. Carver;C. Chen;E. Cheung;D. Chirkin;S. Choi;K. Clark;L. Classen;A. Coleman;G. Collin;J. Conrad;P. Coppin;P. Correa;D. Cowen;R. Cross;P. Dave;C. Clercq;J. DeLaunay;H. Dembinski;K. Deoskar;S. Ridder;P. Desiati;K. D. Vries;G. Wasseige;M. With;T. DeYoung;A. Diaz;J. C. D'iaz-V'elez;H. Dujmovic;M. Dunkman;E. Dvorak;B. Eberhardt;T. Ehrhardt;P. Eller;R. Engel;P. Evenson;S. Fahey;A. Fazely;J. Felde;K. Filimonov;C. Finley;A. Franckowiak;E. Friedman;A. Fritz;T. Gaisser;J. Gallagher;E. Ganster;S. Garrappa;L. Gerhardt;K. Ghorbani;T. Glauch;T. Glusenkamp;A. Goldschmidt;J. G. Gonzalez;D. Grant;Z. Griffith;S. Griswold;M. Gunder;M. Gunduz;C. Haack;A. Hallgren;L. Halve;F. Halzen;K. Hanson;A. Haungs;D. Hebecker;D. Heereman;P. Heix;K. Helbing;R. Hellauer;F. Henningsen;S. Hickford;J. Hignight;G. Hill;K. Hoffman;R. Hoffmann;T. Hoinka;B. Hokanson-Fasig;K. Hoshina;F. Huang;M. Huber;T. Huber;K. Hultqvist;Mirco Hünnefeld;R. Hussain;S. In;N. Iovine;A. Ishihara;G. Japaridze;M. Jeong;K. Jero;B. Jones;F. Jonske;R. Joppe;D. Kang;W. Kang;A. Kappes;D. Kappesser;T. Karg;M. Karl;A. Karle;U. Katz;M. Kauer;J. Kelley;A. Kheirandish;J. Kim;T. Kintscher;J. Kiryluk;T. Kittler;S. Klein;R. Koirala;H. Kolanoski;L. Kopke;C. Kopper;S. Kopper;D. Koskinen;M. Kowalski;K. Krings;G. Kruckl;N. Kulacz;N. Kurahashi;A. Kyriacou;M. Labare;J. Lanfranchi;M. Larson;F. Lauber;J. Lazar;K. Leonard;A. Leszczy'nska;M. Leuermann;Q. Liu;E. Lohfink;C. J. L. Mariscal;L. Lu;F. Lucarelli;J. Lunemann;W. Luszczak;Y. Lyu;W. Ma;J. Madsen;G. Maggi;K. Mahn;Y. Makino;P. Mallik;K. Mallot;S. Mancina;I. Marics;R. Maruyama;K. Mase;R. Maunu;F. McNally;K. Meagher;M. Medici;A. Medina;M. Meier;S. Meighen-Berger;T. Menne;G. Merino;T. Meures;J. Micallef;D. Mockler;G. Moment'e;T. Montaruli;R. Moore;R. Morse;M. Moulai;P. Muth;R. Nagai;U. Naumann;G. Neer;H. Niederhausen;S. Nowicki;D. Nygren;A. Pollmann;M. Oehler;A. Olivas;A. O'Murchadha;E. O’Sullivan;T. Palczewski;H. Pandya;D. Pankova;N. Park;P. Peiffer;C. Heros;S. Philippen;D. Pieloth;E. Pinat;A. Pizzuto;M. Plum;A. Porcelli;P. Price;G. Przybylski;C. Raab;A. Raissi;M. Rameez;L. Rauch;K. Rawlins;I. C. Rea;R. Reimann;B. Relethford;M. Renschler;G. Renzi;E. Resconi;W. Rhode;M. Richman;S. Robertson;M. Rongen;C. Rott;T. Ruhe;D. Ryckbosch;D. Rysewyk;I. Safa;S. Herrera;A. Sandrock;J. Sandroos;M. Santander;S. Sarkar;K. Satalecka;M. Schaufel;H. Schieler;P. Schlunder;T. Schmidt;A. Schneider;J. Schneider;F. Schroder;L. Schumacher;S. Sclafani;D. Seckel;S. Seunarine;S. Shefali;M. Silva;R. Snihur;J. Soedingrekso;D. Soldin;M. Song;G. Spiczak;C. Spiering;J. Stachurska;M. Stamatikos;T. Stanev;R. Stein;P. Steinmuller;J. Stettner;A. Steuer;T. Stezelberger;R. Stokstad;A. Stossl;N. Strotjohann;T. Sturwald;T. Stuttard;G. Sullivan;I. Taboada;F. Tenholt;S. Ter-Antonyan;A. Terliuk;S. Tilav;K. Tollefson;L. Tomankova;C. Tonnis;S. Toscano;D. Tosi;A. Trettin;M. Tselengidou;C. Tung;A. Turcati;R. Turcotte;C. Turley;B. Ty;E. Unger;M. U. Elorrieta;M. Usner;J. Vandenbroucke;W. Driessche;D. Eijk;N. Eijndhoven;S. Vanheule;J. Santen;M. Vraeghe;C. Walck;A. Wallace;M. Wallraff;N. Wandkowsky;T. B. Watson;C. Weaver;A. Weindl;M. Weiss;J. Weldert;C. Wendt;J. Werthebach;B. Whelan;N. Whitehorn;K. Wiebe;C. Wiebusch;L. Wille;D. Williams;L. Wills;M. Wolf;J. Wood;T. R. Wood;K. Woschnagg;G. Wrede;D. Xu;X. Xu;Y. Xu;J. Yáñez;G. Yodh;S. Yoshida;T. Yuan;M. Zocklein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Aartsen;M. Ackermann;J. Adams;J. Aguilar;M. Ahlers;M. Ahrens;C. Alispach;K. Andeen;T. Anderson;I. Ansseau;G. Anton;C. Arguelles;J. Auffenberg;S. Axani;P. Backes;H. Bagherpour;X. Bai;V. A.Balagopal;A. Barbano;S. Barwick;B. Bastian;V. Baum;S. Baur;R. Bay;J. Beatty;K. Becker;J. Tjus;S. BenZvi;D. Berley;E. Bernardini;D. Besson;G. Binder;D. Bindig;E. Blaufuss;S. Blot;C. Bohm;M. Borner;S. Boser;O. Botner;J. Bottcher;E. Bourbeau;J. Bourbeau;F. Bradascio;J. Braun;S. Bron;J. Brostean-Kaiser;A. Burgman;J. Buscher;R. Busse;T. Carver;C. Chen;E. Cheung;D. Chirkin;S. Choi;K. Clark;L. Classen;A. Coleman;G. Collin;J. Conrad;P. Coppin;P. Correa;D. Cowen;R. Cross;P. Dave;C. Clercq;J. DeLaunay;H. Dembinski;K. Deoskar;S. Ridder;P. Desiati;K. D. Vries;G. Wasseige;M. With;T. DeYoung;A. Diaz;J. C. D'iaz-V'elez;H. Dujmovic;M. Dunkman;E. Dvorak;B. Eberhardt;T. Ehrhardt;P. Eller;R. Engel;P. Evenson;S. Fahey;A. Fazely;J. Felde;K. Filimonov;C. Finley;A. Franckowiak;E. Friedman;A. Fritz;T. Gaisser;J. Gallagher;E. Ganster;S. Garrappa;L. Gerhardt;K. Ghorbani;T. Glauch;T. Glusenkamp;A. Goldschmidt;J. G. Gonzalez;D. Grant;Z. Griffith;S. Griswold;M. Gunder;M. Gunduz;C. Haack;A. Hallgren;L. Halve;F. Halzen;K. Hanson;A. Haungs;D. Hebecker;D. Heereman;P. Heix;K. Helbing;R. Hellauer;F. Henningsen;S. Hickford;J. Hignight;G. Hill;K. Hoffman;R. Hoffmann;T. Hoinka;B. Hokanson-Fasig;K. Hoshina;F. Huang;M. Huber;T. Huber;K. Hultqvist;Mirco Hünnefeld;R. Hussain;S. In;N. Iovine;A. Ishihara;G. Japaridze;M. Jeong;K. Jero;B. Jones;F. Jonske;R. Joppe;D. Kang;W. Kang;A. Kappes;D. Kappesser;T. Karg;M. Karl;A. Karle;U. Katz;M. Kauer;J. Kelley;A. Kheirandish;J. Kim;T. Kintscher;J. Kiryluk;T. Kittler;S. Klein;R. Koirala;H. Kolanoski;L. Kopke;C. Kopper;S. Kopper;D. Koskinen;M. Kowalski;K. Krings;G. Kruckl;N. Kulacz;N. Kurahashi;A. Kyriacou;M. Labare;J. Lanfranchi;M. Larson;F. Lauber;J. Lazar;K. Leonard;A. Leszczy'nska;M. Leuermann;Q. Liu;E. Lohfink;C. J. L. Mariscal;L. Lu;F. Lucarelli;J. Lunemann;W. Luszczak;Y. Lyu;W. Ma;J. Madsen;G. Maggi;K. Mahn;Y. Makino;P. Mallik;K. Mallot;S. Mancina;I. Marics;R. Maruyama;K. Mase;R. Maunu;F. McNally;K. Meagher;M. Medici;A. Medina;M. Meier;S. Meighen-Berger;T. Menne;G. Merino;T. Meures;J. Micallef;D. Mockler;G. Moment'e;T. Montaruli;R. Moore;R. Morse;M. Moulai;P. Muth;R. Nagai;U. Naumann;G. Neer;H. Niederhausen;S. Nowicki;D. Nygren;A. Pollmann;M. Oehler;A. Olivas;A. O'Murchadha;E. O’Sullivan;T. Palczewski;H. Pandya;D. Pankova;N. Park;P. Peiffer;C. Heros;S. Philippen;D. Pieloth;E. Pinat;A. Pizzuto;M. Plum;A. Porcelli;P. Price;G. Przybylski;C. Raab;A. Raissi;M. Rameez;L. Rauch;K. Rawlins;I. C. Rea;R. Reimann;B. Relethford;M. Renschler;G. Renzi;E. Resconi;W. Rhode;M. Richman;S. Robertson;M. Rongen;C. Rott;T. Ruhe;D. Ryckbosch;D. Rysewyk;I. Safa;S. Herrera;A. Sandrock;J. Sandroos;M. Santander;S. Sarkar;K. Satalecka;M. Schaufel;H. Schieler;P. Schlunder;T. Schmidt;A. Schneider;J. Schneider;F. Schroder;L. Schumacher;S. Sclafani;D. Seckel;S. Seunarine;S. Shefali;M. Silva;R. Snihur;J. Soedingrekso;D. Soldin;M. Song;G. Spiczak;C. Spiering;J. Stachurska;M. Stamatikos;T. Stanev;R. Stein;P. Steinmuller;J. Stettner;A. Steuer;T. Stezelberger;R. Stokstad;A. Stossl;N. Strotjohann;T. Sturwald;T. Stuttard;G. Sullivan;I. Taboada;F. Tenholt;S. Ter-Antonyan;A. Terliuk;S. Tilav;K. Tollefson;L. Tomankova;C. Tonnis;S. Toscano;D. Tosi;A. Trettin;M. Tselengidou;C. Tung;A. Turcati;R. Turcotte;C. Turley;B. Ty;E. Unger;M. U. Elorrieta;M. Usner;J. Vandenbroucke;W. Driessche;D. Eijk;N. Eijndhoven;S. Vanheule;J. Santen;M. Vraeghe;C. Walck;A. Wallace;M. Wallraff;N. Wandkowsky;T. B. Watson;C. Weaver;A. Weindl;M. Weiss;J. Weldert;C. Wendt;J. Werthebach;B. Whelan;N. Whitehorn;K. Wiebe;C. Wiebusch;L. Wille;D. Williams;L. Wills;M. Wolf;J. Wood;T. R. Wood;K. Woschnagg;G. Wrede;D. Xu;X. Xu;Y. Xu;J. Yáñez;G. Yodh;S. Yoshida;T. Yuan;M. Zocklein
对银河系平面弥散PeV伽马射线辐射的测量将提供有关银河系宇宙射线的能谱和传播的信息，而对PeV伽马射线点状源的探测将是银河系源能够将宇宙射线加速到至少几个PeV的有力证据。本文介绍了几个未分组的最大似然搜索PeV伽玛射线在南半球使用5年的数据从冰顶空气淋浴表面探测器和冰立方天文台的冰阵列。这两种探测器的组合利用了低μ子含量和伽马射线空气簇射的深簇射最大值，并对10.6至100 PeV之间的伽马射线提供了出色的灵敏度。我们对PeV伽马射线的点状和弥散银河辐射的测量与背景一致，因此我们将来自2 PeV的银河平面的角积分弥散伽马射线通量限制为2.61 × 10−19 cm−2 s−1 TeV−1，置信度为90%，假设E−3光谱，我们估计，对于E−2光谱，在10−21和10−20 cm−2 s−1 TeV−1之间，在2 PeV处点状发射的上限为90%，这取决于decl。此外，我们排除了连续的幂律发射高达2 PeV的几个TeV的伽马射线源观察到的高能光谱系统和计算上限的能量截止这些来源在90%的置信度。我们也没有发现PeV的伽马射线与中微子从冰立方的高能量起始事件样本。这些是目前PeV伽马射线发射的最强约束。
The measurement of diffuse PeV gamma-ray emission from the Galactic plane would provide information about the energy spectrum and propagation of Galactic cosmic rays, and the detection of a pointlike source of PeV gamma-rays would be strong evidence for a Galactic source capable of accelerating cosmic rays up to at least a few PeV. This paper presents several unbinned maximum-likelihood searches for PeV gamma-rays in the Southern Hemisphere using 5 yr of data from the IceTop air shower surface detector and the in-ice array of the IceCube Observatory. The combination of both detectors takes advantage of the low muon content and deep shower maximum of gamma-ray air showers and provides excellent sensitivity to gamma-rays between ∼0.6 and 100 PeV. Our measurements of pointlike and diffuse Galactic emission of PeV gamma-rays are consistent with the background, so we constrain the angle-integrated diffuse gamma-ray flux from the Galactic plane at 2 PeV to 2.61 × 10−19 cm−2 s−1 TeV−1 at 90% confidence, assuming an E−3 spectrum, and we estimate 90% upper limits on pointlike emission at 2 PeV between 10−21 and 10−20 cm−2 s−1 TeV−1 for an E−2 spectrum, depending on decl. Furthermore, we exclude unbroken power-law emission up to 2 PeV for several TeV gamma-ray sources observed by the High Energy Spectroscopic System and calculate upper limits on the energy cutoffs of these sources at 90% confidence. We also find no PeV gamma-rays correlated with neutrinos from IceCube’s high-energy starting event sample. These are currently the strongest constraints on PeV gamma-ray emission.