Tocotrienols: Vitamin E beyond tocopherols
Tocotrienols: Vitamin E beyond tocopherols
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DOI：
10.1016/j.lfs.2005.12.001
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发表时间：
2006-03-27
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Roy, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sen, CK;Khanna, S;Roy, S
在自然界中，已发现八种物质具有维生素 E 活性：α-、β-、γ- 和 δ-生育酚；以及α-、β-、γ-和δ-生育三烯酚。然而，在 PubMed 列出的所有维生素 E 论文中，只有不到 1% 与生育三烯酚相关。人体内丰富的 α-生育酚以及所有维生素 E 分子作为抗氧化剂的效率相当，导致生物学家忽视了将非生育酚维生素 E 分子作为基础和临床研究的主题。最近的事态发展值得我们认真地重新考虑这一传统观点。生育三烯酚具有强大的神经保护、抗癌和降低胆固醇的特性，而生育酚通常不具备这些特性。维生素 E 研究的最新进展清楚地表明，维生素 E 家族成员的生物学功能并不多余。 α-生育三烯酚、γ-生育酚和 δ-生育三烯酚已成为维生素 E 分子，其在健康和疾病方面的功能与 α-生育酚明显不同。在纳摩尔浓度下，α-生育三烯酚（而不是α-生育酚）可以预防神经变性。从浓度来看，这一发现代表了任何天然维生素 E 分子所表现出的所有生物功能中最有效的功能。越来越多的证据表明维生素 E 家族的成员在功能上是独一无二的。认识到这一事实，手稿中的标题主张应限于所研究的维生素 E 的特定形式。例如，特定形式的生育酚过量的毒性证据可能不能用来得出高剂量“维生素E”补充剂可能增加全因死亡率的结论。这样的结论错误地暗示生育三烯酚在甚至不考虑生育三烯酚的条件下也是有毒的。目前的知识状况值得对鲜为人知的维生素 E 形式进行战略投资。这将使我们能够谨慎选择适当的维生素 E 分子，以进行满足特定需求的研究。 (c) 2006 年，爱思唯尔公司出版。
In nature, eight substances have been found to have vitamin E activity: alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-tocopherol; and alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-tocotrienol. Yet, of all papers on vitamin E listed in PubMed less than 1% relate to tocotrienols. The abundance of alpha-tocopherol in the human body and the comparable efficiency of all vitamin E molecules as antioxidants, led biologists to neglect the non-tocopherol vitamin E molecules as topics for basic and clinical research. Recent developments warrant a serious reconsideration of this conventional wisdom. Tocotrienols possess powerful neuroprotective, anti-cancer and cholesterol lowering properties that are often not exhibited by tocopherols. Current developments in vitamin E research clearly indicate that members of the vitamin E family are not redundant with respect to their biological functions. alpha-Tocotrienol, gamma-tocopherol, and delta-tocotrienol have emerged as vitamin E molecules with functions in health and disease that are clearly distinct from that of alpha-tocopherol. At nanomolar concentration, alpha-tocotrienol, not alpha-tocopherol, prevents neurodegeneration. On a concentration basis, this finding represents the most potent of all biological functions exhibited by any natural vitamin E molecule. An expanding body of evidence support that members of the vitamin E family are functionally unique. In recognition of this fact, title claims in manuscripts should be limited to the specific form of vitamin E studied. For example, evidence for toxicity of a specific form of tocopherol in excess may not be used to conclude that high dosage "vitamin E" supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Such conclusion incorrectly implies that tocotrienols are toxic as well under conditions where tocotrienols were not even considered. The current state of knowledge warrants strategic investment into the lesser known forms of vitamin E. This will enable prudent selection of the appropriate vitamin E molecule for studies addressing a specific need. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Inc.