Defense Mechanisms in Leaves and Fruit of Trees to Fungal Infection
Defense Mechanisms in Leaves and Fruit of Trees to Fungal Infection
复制标题
树木叶果对真菌感染的防御机制
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-662-01642-8_11
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Adaskaveg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Adaskaveg
Most biotic, foliar diseases of trees are caused by fungi. In order to establish infection, the fungal pathogen must overcome natural host defense mechanisms. Disease resistance is the ability of the host to prevent or resist disease. In foliar diseases of trees, host and nonhost resistance is dependent on the characteristics of the entire leaf including both biochemical and structural mechanisms as preexisting barriers or induced responses from host-pathogen interactions. The apoplast, or the extracellular matrix that includes cell wall, intercellular spaces, and xylem, is considered to have a central role in the interface of plants with the environment and in the defense of plants against pathogens (Bowles 1990). Studies on plant resistance have focused on either preinfectional host mechanisms that prevent and inhibit pathogen penetration or postinfectional host responses to disease development.Preinfectional mechanisms have been referred to as preformed, passive, or static host defenses. Many studies on preinfectional barriers of plants that may prevent or delay penetration of fungi have been reviewed. These include physical barriers such as cell walls or cuticle (Akai 1959, Martin 1964, Martin and Juniper 1970, Overeem 1976, Royle 1976, Campbell et a!. 1980, Kolattukudy and Koller 1983, Ride 1983) and biochemical compounds derived from shikimic acid, tricarboxylic acid, fatty acid, and mevalonic acid cycles (Goodman et a!. 1967, Schlosser 1980, Stoessl 1983).
