Dipolar evaporation of reactive molecules to below the Fermi temperature.

Dipolar evaporation of reactive molecules to below the Fermi temperature.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41586-020-2980-7
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发表时间:
2020-12
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Ye J
Ye J
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Valtolina G;Matsuda K;Tobias WG;Li JR;De Marco L;Ye J

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分子是物质的组成部分,对它们的控制是研究新量子相的关键,在新量子相中,丰富的自由度可以用来编码信息,强相互作用可以精确调整。然而,分子碰撞中的非弹性损失极大地阻碍了低熵分子系统的工程化。到目前为止,唯一的量子简并分子气体是通过两个高度简并的原子气体的缔合而产生的。在这里,我们使用一个外部电场沿着与光学晶格限制创建一个二维(2D)费米气体的自旋极化钾铷(KRb)极性分子,其中弹性,可调偶极相互作用占主导地位的所有非弹性过程。阱中分子之间的直接热化导致有效的偶极蒸发冷却,从而产生相空间密度的快速增加。在量子简并开始时,我们观察到费米统计对分子气体热力学的影响。这些结果表明了在偶极分子气体中实现量子简并的一般策略,其中强、远程和各向异性的偶极相互作用可以驱动奇异多体相的出现,例如层间配对和p波超流性。
Molecules are the building blocks of matter and their control is key to the investigation of new quantum phases, where rich degrees of freedom can be used to encode information and strong interactions can be precisely tuned. Inelastic losses in molecular collisions, however, have greatly hampered the engineering of low-entropy molecular systems. So far, the only quantum degenerate gas of molecules has been created via association of two highly degenerate atomic gases. Here, we use an external electric field along with optical lattice confinement to create a two-dimensional (2D) Fermi gas of spin-polarized potassium-rubidium (KRb) polar molecules, where elastic, tunable dipolar interactions dominate over all inelastic processes. Direct thermalization among the molecules in the trap leads to efficient dipolar evaporative cooling, yielding a rapid increase in phase-space density. At the onset of quantum degeneracy, we observe the effects of Fermi statistics on the thermodynamics of the molecular gas. These results demonstrate a general strategy for achieving quantum degeneracy in dipolar molecular gases where strong, long-range, and anisotropic dipolar interactions can drive the emergence of exotic many-body phases, such as interlayer pairing and p-wave superfluidity.
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影响因子: 64.8
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