National agendas in global times: curriculum reforms in Australia and the USA since the 1980s
National agendas in global times: curriculum reforms in Australia and the USA since the 1980s
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全球时代的国家议程：20 世纪 80 年代以来澳大利亚和美国的课程改革
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kate O’Connor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Glenn C. Savage;Kate O’Connor
本文以20世纪80年代以来的全球课程改革趋势为背景，对澳大利亚和美国的国家课程改革进行了比较分析。这一分析是由对全球时代国家政策空间重构的兴趣推动的，并特别借鉴了斯蒂芬·卡尼的全球政策图景概念，以此作为理解跨国政策思想和实践的复杂和分离流动的一种方式。这篇论文首先指出，自上世纪80年代初以来的改革，一直是由对全球化、股票和市场竞争力的全球恐慌推动的。这些全球影响支撑了每个国家的平行改革尝试，包括在20世纪80年代末制定国家目标，在90年代初失败的国家标准尝试，以及在21世纪头10年重振国家一致性的尝试。在此基础上，我们认为，尽管有共同的全球驱动因素和广泛的历史相似之处，但每个国家的改革在范围和形式上仍然不同，这是因为每个国家的国家政策空间具有几个独特的特点。这些独特的国家政策空间为改革提供了不同的可能性条件，提醒我们，尽管存在全球共性，但政策改革是相互关联的，并在当地谈判。
This paper provides a comparative analysis of national curriculum reforms in Australia and the USA, set against the backdrop of global trends since the 1980s. The analysis is driven by an interest in the reconstitution of national policy spaces in global times, and draws particularly upon Stephen Carney’s notion of global policy-scapes as a way of understanding the complex and disjunctive flows of transnational policy ideas and practices. The paper begins by arguing that reforms since the early 1980s have been driven by global panics about globalisation, equity and market competitiveness. These global influences have underpinned parallel reform attempts in each country, including the development of national goals in the late 1980s, failed attempts at national standards in the early 1990s and rejuvenated attempts towards national consistency in the 2000s. Building on this, we argue that despite shared global drivers and broad historical similarities, reforms in each country remain distinct in scope and form, due to several unique features that inform the national policy space of each country. These distinctive national policy spaces provide different conditions of possibility for reform, reminding us that despite global commonalities, policy reforms are relational and locally negotiated.