Effects of sun angle, lunar illumination, and diurnal temperature on temporal movement rates of sympatric ocelots and bobcats in South Texas
Effects of sun angle, lunar illumination, and diurnal temperature on temporal movement rates of sympatric ocelots and bobcats in South Texas
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0231732
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发表时间：
2020-04-23
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Campbell, Tyler A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leonard, John P.;Tewes, Michael E.;Campbell, Tyler A.
德克萨斯州南部的同域豹猫（Leopardus pardalis）和山猫（Lynx rufus）在体型、食物习惯和栖息地利用方面表现出很大的重叠。因此，我们探讨时间生态位划分是否可以解释豹猫和山猫的共存。我们结合高频 GPS 位置和双轴加速度计数据，研究了太阳角度、月球光照和最高昼夜温度对同域豹猫 (n = 8) 和山猫 (n = 6) 时间运动速率的影响。我们证明了加速度计数据可用于预测运动速率，提供近乎连续的动物活动测量并补充 GPS 位置。豹猫表现出强烈的夜间活动模式，在夜间运动率最高，而山猫则表现出黄昏活动模式，在日出和日落前后运动率最高。尽管山猫白天的活动水平较低，但山猫的昼间活动高于豹猫的昼间活动。在温暖的月份里，山猫在月球光照度较高的夜晚更加活跃。相比之下，豹猫在月球光照度较低的时期表现出最高的夜间活动水平。在炎热的日子里，豹猫的昼间活动会减少。我们的结果表明，豹猫和山猫在德克萨斯州南部的共存可以部分地通过时间生态位划分来解释，尽管这两种猫科动物在夜间和黄昏期间表现出重叠的活动期。
Sympatric ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) and bobcats (Lynx rufus) in South Texas show substantial overlap in body size, food habits, and habitat use. Consequently, we explore whether temporal niche partitioning may explain ocelot and bobcat coexistence. We investigated the influence of sun angle, lunar illumination, and maximum diurnal temperature on temporal movement rates of sympatric ocelots (n = 8) and bobcats (n = 6) using a combination of highfrequency GPS locations and bi-axial accelerometer data. We demonstrated that accelerometer data could be used to predict movement rates, providing a nearly continuous measure of animal activity and supplementing GPS locations. Ocelots showed a strong nocturnal activity pattern with the highest movement rates at night whereas bobcats showed a crepuscular activity pattern with the highest movement rates occurring around sunrise and sunset. Although bobcat activity levels were lower during the day, bobcat diurnal activity was higher than ocelot diurnal activity. During warmer months, bobcats were more active on nights with high levels of lunar illumination. In contrast, ocelots showed the highest nocturnal activity levels during periods of low lunar illumination. Ocelots showed reduced diurnal activity on hotter days. Our results indicate that ocelot and bobcat coexistence in South Texas can be partially explained by temporal niche partitioning, although both felids showed periods of overlapping activity during nocturnal and crepuscular periods.