Current insights into neutrophil homeostasis
Current insights into neutrophil homeostasis
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06607.x
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kopp, Hans-Georg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bugl, Stefanie;Wirths, Stefan;Kopp, Hans-Georg
中性粒细胞是抵御病原体入侵的第一道免疫屏障，中性粒细胞减少症容易导致感染。然而，中性粒细胞也可能引起显着的附带炎症损伤。因此，中性粒细胞数量受到不完全了解的稳态反馈回路的严格调节，该反馈回路调整骨髓的供应以满足外周需求。粒细胞集落刺激因子 (G-CSF) 被认为是中性粒细胞产生的主要决定因素，G-CSF 水平在其发现后不久就被描述为与中性粒细胞计数呈负相关。因此，假设存在中性粒细胞传感器或“中性粒细胞调节器”。普遍的反馈假设是在粘附分子缺陷的小鼠中建立的；它包括巨噬细胞和 Th17 细胞，它们根据外周迁移、凋亡的中性粒细胞的数量来确定 G-CSF 水平。最近的工作加深了我们对中性粒细胞粒细胞生成的稳态调节的理解，但当涉及到类似于红细胞或血小板稳态的反馈控制模型的合理假设时，仍然存在不一致的发现和未解决的问题。
Neutrophil granulocytes represent the first immunologic barrier against invading pathogens, and neutropenia predisposes to infection. However, neutrophils may also cause significant collateral inflammatory damage. Therefore, neutrophil numbers are tightly regulated by an incompletely understood homeostatic feedback loop adjusting the marrow's supply to peripheral needs. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is accepted to be the major determinant of neutrophil production, and G-CSF levels have, soon after its discovery, been described to be inversely correlated with neutrophil counts. A neutrophil sensor, or "neutrostat," has, therefore, been postulated. The prevailing feedback hypothesis was established in adhesion molecule-deficient mice; it includes macrophages and Th17 cells, which determine G-CSF levels in response to the number of peripherally transmigrated, apoptosing neutrophils. Recent work has deepened our understanding of homeostatic regulation of neutrophil granulopoiesis, but there are still inconsistent findings and unresolved questions when it comes to a plausible hypothesis, similar to the feedback control models of red cell or platelet homeostasis.