The mixing ratio of tree functional groups as a new index for biodiversity monitoring in Bornean production forests
The mixing ratio of tree functional groups as a new index for biodiversity monitoring in Bornean production forests
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DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2017.07.026
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发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kitayama, Kanehiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aoyagi, Ryota;Imai, Nobuo;Kitayama, Kanehiro
虽然树木群落组成可以作为从生物学上表明森林管理对热带雨林影响的可靠指标，但对分类学专门知识的需要和伴随的费用可能会成为林农的负担。两个不同功能类群(即成熟森林和受干扰森林的指示属)的混合比率可以替代以前要求确定所有物种/属的指数。然而，在很大的地理范围内指示伐木强度的树种分类群还没有完全确定。在这项研究中，我们在婆罗洲地理上不同的六个森林管理单位(FMU)(印度尼西亚的东加里曼丹，马来西亚的沙捞越和沙巴)进行了大规模的植被调查，以确定一组反映伐木强度的常见指示属。在森林中共建立了50个半径为20米的地块，每个林地单元的干扰范围很广。结合6个FMU对所有数据进行聚类分析，确定了两种主要的植被类型：一种是成熟林(地上生物量较大)，另一种是干扰林(地上生物量较低)。通过指标分析，得到92属为成熟林指示种，8属为干扰林指示种。每样地两个指标组的混合比率[(成熟林指标密度-干扰林指标密度)/所有树木密度]与另一个森林退化指数(即剩余的AGB)显著相关。去掉成熟林指示种中除龙胆科和干扰林指示种外的所有属，指示属的数量大大减少时，指示类的混交率仍与森林退化指数(剩余AGB)显著相关。由于具有最少属数的两个指标组很容易被当地林业工作者识别，因此我们得出结论：混交率是反映婆罗洲热带生产林乔木群落对伐木干扰响应的一个稳健而实用的指标。(C)2017爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
While tree community composition can be a robust index for biologically indicating impacts of forest managements on tropical rain forests, the need of taxonomic expertise and accompanying costs may become a burden for foresters. The mixing ratio of two distinct functional groups (i.e., indicator genera for mature and disturbed forests) could be an alternative to the previous index that requires the identification of all species/genera. However, tree taxa indicative of logging intensity in a wide geographic range have not fully been determined. In this study, we conducted a large-scale vegetation survey in six forest management units (FMUs) spanning geographically distinct regions of Borneo (East Kalimantan in Indonesia, and Sarawak and Sabah in Malaysia) to detect a set of common indicator genera for logging intensity. A total of fifty 20-m radius plots were established in forests with a wide range of disturbance regimes in each FMU. A cluster analysis that was applied to all data combining the six FMUs identified two main vegetation types; one was the mature forest (with greater above-ground biomass, AGB) and the other was the disturbed forest (with lower AGB). Subsequently, 92 genera were derived as indicators for the mature forest by an indicator analysis, whereas 8 genera were derived for the disturbed forest. The mixing ratios of the two indicator groups per plot [(densities of mature-forest indicators - densities of disturbed-forest indicators)/densities of all trees] significantly correlated with another index of forest degradation (i.e., remaining AGB). When the number of indicator genera was greatly reduced by removing all genera other than those of Dipterocapaceae for the mature-forest indicators and Macaranga and Neolamarkia for the disturbed-forest indicators, the mixing ratios of indicator groups still significantly correlated with the index of forest degradation (remaining AGB). Because the two indicator groups with a minimal number of genera can be easily identified by local foresters, we conclude that the mixing ratio is a robust and practical index for the responses of tree communities to logging disturbances in Bornean tropical production forests. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.