Social distribution of diabetes, hypertension and related risk factors in Barbados: a cross-sectional study
Social distribution of diabetes, hypertension and related risk factors in Barbados: a cross-sectional study
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008869
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Unwin, Nigel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howitt, Christina;Hambleton, Ian R.;Unwin, Nigel
目的描述糖尿病，高血压和相关的行为和生物危险因素在巴巴多斯的成年人的性别，教育和occupation.Design多阶段概率抽样选择一个有代表性的样本的成年人口（25岁）的分布。参与者使用标准问卷进行访谈，进行人体测量和血压测量，并提供空腹血糖和胆固醇测量。使用了标准的世卫组织定义。对数据进行了抽样和无应答加权，并对2010年巴巴多斯人口的年龄和性别进行了标准化。计算加权患病率估计值，并计算患病率比的行为和生物危险因素的人口和社会经济group.Results研究应答率为55.0%，与764名妇女，470名男子。肥胖的患病率为33.8%（95% CI 30.7%至37.1%）;高血压40.6%（95% CI 36.5%至44.9%）;糖尿病18.7%（95% CI 16.2%至21.4%）。与女性相比，男性不太可能肥胖（患病率为0.5; 95% CI 0.4 - 0.7），或不爱运动（0.5; 0.4 - 0.6），但更可能吸烟（4.1; 2.5 - 6.7），并在一次发作中大量饮酒（4.6; 2.7 - 7.6）。男性的糖尿病（0.83; 0.65 - 1.05）和高血压（0.89; 0.79 - 1.02）都较低，但并不显著。在女性中，较高的教育水平与较高的水果和蔬菜摄入量、更多的体力活动、较少的糖尿病和较少的高胆固醇血症相关（p 0.01-0.04）。在男性中，高等教育仅与吸烟较少相关（p 0.04）。职业的差异仅限于男性吸烟和高胆固醇血症women.Conclusions在这个发展中国家的人口，性别似乎是一个更强大的决定因素的行为风险因素，以及肥胖及其相关的风险，比教育或职业。这些发现对履行2011年《里约政治宣言》中消除卫生不平等的承诺具有影响。
Objective To describe the distribution of diabetes, hypertension and related behavioural and biological risk factors in adults in Barbados by gender, education and occupation.Design Multistage probability sampling was used to select a representative sample of the adult population (25years). Participants were interviewed using standard questionnaires, underwent anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, and provided fasting blood for glucose and cholesterol measurements. Standard WHO definitions were used. Data were weighted for sampling and non-response, and were age and sex standardised to the 2010 Barbados population. Weighted prevalence estimates were calculated, and prevalence ratios were calculated for behavioural and biological risk factors by demographic and socioeconomic group.Results Study response rate was 55.0%, with 764 women, 470 men. Prevalence of obesity was 33.8% (95% CI 30.7% to 37.1%); hypertension 40.6% (95% CI 36.5% to 44.9%); and diabetes 18.7% (95% CI 16.2% to 21.4%). Compared with women, men were less likely to be obese (prevalence ratio 0.5; 95% CI 0.4 to 0.7), or physically inactive (0.5; 0.4 to 0.6), but more likely to smoke tobacco (4.1; 2.5 to 6.7) and consume large amounts of alcohol in a single episode (4.6; 2.7 to 7.6). Both diabetes (0.83; 0.65 to 1.05) and hypertension (0.89; 0.79 to 1.02) were lower in men, but not significantly so. In women, higher educational level was related to higher fruit and vegetable intake, more physical activity, less diabetes and less hypercholesterolaemia (p 0.01-0.04). In men, higher education was related only to less smoking (p 0.04). Differences by occupation were limited to smoking in men and hypercholesterolaemia in women.Conclusions In this developing country population, sex appears to be a much stronger determinant of behavioural risk factors, as well as obesity and its related risks, than education or occupation. These findings have implications for meeting the commitments made in the 2011 Rio Political Declaration, to eliminate health inequities.