Krokodile Injectors in Ukraine: Fueling the HIV Epidemic?
Krokodile Injectors in Ukraine: Fueling the HIV Epidemic?
复制标题
乌克兰的鳄鱼注射器：助长艾滋病毒流行？
DOI：
10.1007/s10461-015-1008-z
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Dvoryak,Sergey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Booth,RobertE;Davis,JonathanM;Brewster,JohnT;Lisovska,Oksana;Dvoryak,Sergey
这项研究旨在评估最近在乌克兰出现的Krokodile注射器的特征，以及注射吸毒者中与艾滋病毒相关的风险因素(PWID)。在乌克兰的三个城市，敖德萨、顿涅茨克和尼古拉耶夫，在2012年12月至2013年10月期间，使用改进的定向抽样方法招募了550名PWID。样本的平均年龄为31岁，他们已经注射了超过12年。总体而言，39%的人艾滋病毒检测呈阳性，其中45%的Krokodile注射器检测呈阳性。在过去的30多天里，25%的人报告注射了Krokodile。那些注射Krokodile的人注射更频繁(P=0.001)，他们更经常与他人一起注射(P=0.005)。尽管知道自己的艾滋病毒状况是阳性的，但Krokodile使用者并没有减少注射频率，实际上，他们注射的频率比那些不知道自己的艾滋病毒状况或认为自己是阴性的人高出85%(p=0.016)。这一行为在使用PWID的非krokodile中未见。虽然只有一小部分知识渊博的艾滋病毒阳性krokodile使用者(N=1.12)可用，但这表明krokodile使用者可能比非krokodile使用者更忽视他们的艾滋病毒状况。尽管人们普遍知道其有害的身体后果，但在乌克兰，越来越多的PWID患者正转向注射krokodile。鉴于该国最近使用Krokodile，相关的注射频率更高，与其他人一起注射的倾向更频繁，以及Krokodile使用者对艾滋病毒的漠视可能是一种独特的程度，艾滋病毒发病率在未来几年可能会增加。
This study was designed to assess the characteristics of krokodile injectors, a recent phenomenon in Ukraine, and HIV-related risk factors among people who inject drugs (PWID). In three Ukraine cities, Odessa, Donetsk and Nikolayev, 550 PWID were recruited between December 2012 and October 2013 using modified targeted sampling methods. The sample averaged 31 years of age and they had been injecting for over 12 years. Overall, 39 % tested positive for HIV, including 45 % of krokodile injectors. In the past 30 days, 25 % reported injecting krokodile. Those who injected krokodile injected more frequently (p < 0.001) and they injected more often with others (p = 0.005). Despite knowing their HIV status to be positive, krokodile users did not reduce their injection frequency, indeed, they injected as much as 85 % (p = 0.016) more frequently than those who did not know their HIV status or thought they were negative. This behavior was not seen in non-krokodile using PWID. Although only a small sample of knowledgeable HIV positive krokodile users was available (N = 12), this suggests that krokodile users may disregard their HIV status more so than nonkrokodile users. In spite of widespread knowledge of its harmful physical consequences, a growing number of PWID are turning to injecting krokodile in Ukraine. Given the recency of krokodile use the country, the associated higher frequency of injecting, a propensity to inject more often with others, and what could be a unique level of disregard of HIV among krokodile users, HIV incidence could increase in future years.