Impacts on Wetlands of Large-scale Land-use Changes by Agricultural Development: The Small Sanjiang Plain, China
Impacts on Wetlands of Large-scale Land-use Changes by Agricultural Development: The Small Sanjiang Plain, China
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DOI：
10.1579/0044-7447-33.6.306
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发表时间：
2004-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hongyu Liu;Shikui Zhang;Zhaofu Li;Xianguo Lu;Qing Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hongyu Liu;Shikui Zhang;Zhaofu Li;Xianguo Lu;Qing Yang
摘要小三江平原原是位于黑龙江省东北部的中国境内最大的湿地综合体。SSP是大量水禽、鱼类和植物的家园，对生物多样性保护具有全球意义。50年来农业发展导致湿地的丧失和碎片化，对湿地群落及其生物多样性产生了影响。我们利用地理信息系统结合其他统计数据，对1950-2000年的大尺度土地利用变化进行了清查。我们发现，由于农业开发，73.6%的湿地消失了。这些土地利用变化的后果包括：i)水禽和植物物种迅速减少，自然湿地丧失和碎片化，湿地生态系统退化；ii)多年来土地利用变化导致湿地水位变化更大；iii)修建排水沟和堤坝，破坏了河流-泛滥平原的动态连接；以及iv)泛滥平原面积减少，导致洪峰流量和径流增加。在这里，我们展示了这些变化如何影响湿地生物多样性和影响重要的湿地物种。
Abstract The Small Sanjiang Plain (SSP), was formerly the largest wetland complex in China, located in the Northeastern part of Heilongjiang Province, China. Home to vast numbers of waterfowls, fish, and plants, the SSP is globally significant for biodiversity conservation. The loss and fragmentation of wetlands as a result agricultural development over 50 years has impacted wetland communities and their biodiversity. We used GIS to inventory large-scale land-use changes from 1950 to 2000, together with other statistical data. We found that 73.6% of the wetlands were lost due to agricultural development. Consequences of these land-use changes included: i) a rapid decline in waterfowl and plant species with the loss and fragmentation of natural wetlands and wetland ecosystem degradation; ii) greater variation in wetland water levels as the result of land-use changes over the years; iii) disruption of the dynamic river-floodplain connection by construction of drainage ditches and levees; and iv) a decrease in floodplain area that caused increased flooding peak flows and runoff. Here we show how these changes affect wetland biodiversity and impact important wetland species.