Functional relations trump implied motion in recovery from extinction: evidence from the effects of animacy on extinction.
Functional relations trump implied motion in recovery from extinction: evidence from the effects of animacy on extinction.
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功能关系胜过从灭绝中恢复的隐含运动：来自生命力对灭绝影响的证据。
DOI：
10.1080/13554791003785919
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Riddoch MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Riddoch MJ
当两个项目同时出现时，消退患者在识别物体方面表现出特征性障碍，通常仅报告同病灶项目。这种效应被认为是由于在竞争性并行刺激条件下，空间偏差使同病灶项目消失。对象之间的动作关系可以导致从灭绝中恢复，因为对象对可以被感知为单个组而不是竞争的感知单元。然而，一起交互的对象也可以具有隐含的运动。在这里，我们测试是否隐含的运动是必要的，以产生复苏从灭绝。我们正交变化是否有生命和无生命的物体配对在一起的位置相关或无关的行动。隐含的运动时，一个有生命的物体是本比当两个刺激是无生命的。尽管如此，当无生命物体之间出现动作时，从灭绝中恢复的速度更快。我们认为，无生命物体之间的动作更容易被感知，因为这些刺激的表面是为功能目标而设计的（例如，锤头的平坦表面被设计成撞击钉子的扁平头部）。注意力对潜在动作和物体功能属性之间的匹配很敏感，而不仅仅是对刺激之间的隐含运动。
Patients with extinction show a characteristic impairment in the identification of objects when two items are presented simultaneously, typically reporting the ipsilesional item only. The effect is thought to be due to a spatial bias advantaging the ipsilesional item under conditions of competing concurrent stimulation. Action relations between objects can result in recovery from extinction as the object pair may be perceived as a single group rather than competing perceptual units. However, objects interacting together can also have implied motion. Here we test whether implied motion is necessary to generate recovery from extinction. We varied orthogonally whether animate and inanimate objects were paired together in positions related or unrelated to action. Implied motion was greater when an animate object was present than when both stimuli were inanimate. Despite this, recovery from extinction was greater when actions were shown between inanimate objects. We suggest that actions between inanimate objects are perceived more easily due to the surfaces of these stimuli being designed for functional goals (e.g., the flat surface of a hammer head is designed to hit the flattened head of a nail). Attention is sensitive to the fit between potential action and the functional properties of objects, and not just to implied motion between stimuli.