Establishment of the chloroplast genetic system in rice during early leaf development and at low temperatures.
Establishment of the chloroplast genetic system in rice during early leaf development and at low temperatures.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2014.00386
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Iba K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kusumi K;Iba K
叶绿体是高等植物叶细胞代谢网络的中心节点，前质体向叶绿体的转化与叶的发育密切相关。在早期叶片发育过程中，叶绿体的结构和功能与成熟叶片中的叶绿体有很大不同，这表明在此期间存在调节叶绿体发育的阶段特异性机制。在这里，我们讨论了鉴定基因的影响，在低温条件下的突变体的水稻（水稻）。这些基因编码参与叶绿体rRNA调节（NUS1）和线粒体、叶绿体和细胞质中核苷酸代谢（V2、V3、ST1）的因子。这些基因都优先在早期叶片发育阶段P4中表达，并且耗尽它们会导致叶绿体转录和翻译的改变，最终导致叶片失绿。因此，细胞内核苷酸库和核苷酸代谢的调节是叶绿体低温发育所必需的。本文综述了目前对这些因子的认识，并讨论了它们在叶绿体生物发生中的作用。
Chloroplasts are the central nodes of the metabolic network in leaf cells of higher plants, and the conversion of proplastids into chloroplasts is tightly coupled to leaf development. During early leaf development, the structure and function of the chloroplasts differ greatly from those in a mature leaf, suggesting the existence of a stage-specific mechanism regulating chloroplast development during this period. Here, we discuss the identification of the genes affected in low temperature-conditional mutants of rice (Oryza sativa). These genes encode factors involved in chloroplast rRNA regulation (NUS1), and nucleotide metabolism in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and cytosol (V2, V3, ST1). These genes are all preferentially expressed in the early leaf developmental stage P4, and depleting them causes altered chloroplast transcription and translation, and ultimately leaf chlorosis. Therefore, it is suggested that regulation of cellular nucleotide pools and nucleotide metabolism is indispensable for chloroplast development under low temperatures at this stage. This review summarizes the current understanding of these factors and discusses their roles in chloroplast biogenesis.