Connect & Drive: design and evaluation of cooperative adaptive cruise control for congestion reduction
Connect & Drive: design and evaluation of cooperative adaptive cruise control for congestion reduction
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DOI：
10.1007/bf03325760
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Ploeg;A. Serrarens;G. Heijenk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Ploeg;A. Serrarens;G. Heijenk
在较小的车辆间时间间隔行驶可以增加道路吞吐量。然而，上游速度扰动的放大对最小可行时间间隔造成了限制。弦稳定性的概念涵盖了这种影响。因此，管柱的稳定性能被认为是自动距离控制系统设计的基本要求，该系统需要在远低于15秒的时间间隔内实现安全驾驶。利用无线车际通信提供前车实时信息，在常规自适应巡航控制（ACC）传感器获取信息的基础上，显著缩短了可行时间间隔，由6辆乘用车组成的测试车队进行了实际试验。然而，这种被称为协作式ACC （Cooperative ACC）的系统的大规模部署对无线通信系统的可靠性提出了挑战。这种可伸缩性问题的解决方案可以通过降低传输功率和/或信标速率，或调整通信协议来找到。虽然CACC的主要目标是提高道路吞吐量，但预计CACC的第一个商业应用将是卡车队列，因为在这种情况下，短距离跟随有望节省大量燃料。
Road throughput can be increased by driving at small inter-vehicle time gaps. The amplification of velocity disturbances in upstream direction, however, poses limitations to the minimum feasible time gap. This effect is covered by the notion of string stability. String-stable behavior is thus considered an essential requirement for the design of automatic distance control systems, which are needed to allow for safe driving at time gaps well below 1 s. Using wireless inter-vehicle communications to provide real-time information of the preceding vehicle, in addition to the information obtained by common Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) sensors, appears to significantly decrease the feasible time gap, which is shown by practical experiments with a test fleet consisting of six passenger vehicles. The large-scale deployment of this system, known as Cooperative ACC (CACC), however, poses challenges with respect to the reliability of the wireless communication system. A solution for this scalability problem can be found in decreasing the transmission power and/or beaconing rate, or adapting the communications protocol. Although the main CACC objective is to increase road throughput, the first commercial application of CACC is foreseen to be in truck platooning, since short distance following is expected to yield significant fuel savings in this case.