CHRONOTYPE AND PERSONALITY-FACTORS IN THE DAILY CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL AND PSYCHOSTIMULANTS
CHRONOTYPE AND PERSONALITY-FACTORS IN THE DAILY CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL AND PSYCHOSTIMULANTS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb00926.x
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发表时间：
1994-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
ADAN, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ADAN, A
本文分析了生理时钟类型（晨型、内倾型和夜型）和人格维度（神经质、外向性和精神质）对酒精和精神兴奋剂（尼古丁和咖啡因）日常消费的影响及其可能的交互作用。在537名受试者（257名男性和280名女性）的样本中，他们是学生和专业人士，他们的工作时间表不同，但固定，关于上述所有消费的时间类型之间存在显着差异。晚上型消耗更多的酒精，尼古丁和咖啡因（咖啡和可乐），而早上型消耗更多的茶中的咖啡因。个性只与可乐的消费量有关：神经质越大，这种饮料的消费量就越高。刺激性饮料显示出与人格类型的各种类型的相互作用，这揭示了一种复杂的群体行动模式。研究结果强调，需要考虑作为一个贡献的心理因素，在一个多因果模型的精神活性物质的消费时型。
This paper analyses the influence of and possible interaction between chronotype (Morning-types, Neither-types and Evening-types) and personality dimensions (neuroticism, extroversion and psychoticism) in the daily consumption of alcohol and psychostimulants (nicotine and caffeine). In a sample of 537 subjects (257 men and 280 women), who were students and professionals with different but fixed work schedules, there were significant differences among the chronotypes regarding the consumption of all the above. Evening-types consumed more alcohol, nicotine and caffeine (coffee and cola), while Morning-types consumed more caffeine from tea. Personality was only related to the consumption of cola: the greater the neuroticism the higher the consumption of this beverage. Stimulant drinks showed various types of interaction with personality types, which revealed a complex pattern of group action. The results stress the need to consider chronotype as a contributory psychological factor in a multi-causal model of consumption of psychoactive substances.