Superwoman Schema and John Henryism among African American women: An intersectional perspective on coping with racism.
Superwoman Schema and John Henryism among African American women: An intersectional perspective on coping with racism.
复制标题
非裔美国女性中的女超人模式和约翰·亨利主义：应对种族主义的交叉视角。
DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115070
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Allen,AmaniM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Perez,AmandaD;Dufault,SuzanneM;Spears,EricaC;Chae,DavidH;Woods-Giscombe,CherylL;Allen,AmaniM
亨利主义和女超人图式是美国黑人女性克服慢性心理社会压力的倾向性特征，在美国黑人女性中尤为突出。两者都显示出对健康的保护和有害影响，并具有概念上的相似性和区别，但没有经验证据表明可能存在重叠，从而导致不确定它们各自在非洲裔美国妇女的健康方面可能发挥的独特作用。第一章约翰·亨利主义和SWS是否以及在多大程度上代表了与独特的社会历史和社会政治地位相关的相似或不同的结构，非裔美国妇女，和2）是否有两个差异预测health outcomes.MethodsData是从一个有目的的和社会经济多样性的样本208非裔美国妇女在旧金山弗朗西斯科湾区。首先，我们进行了一系列的测试，系统地研究约翰亨利主义和SWS之间的概念和经验的重叠：相关分析，探索性因素分析（EFA），主成分分析和k-模式聚类分析。接下来，我们用多变量回归研究协会与心理困扰和hypertension.ResultsJohn Henryism和SWS中度相关（rs = 0.30-0.48）。在EFA和聚类分析中，John Henryism项目与SWS分量表项目不同。对于SWS，感觉有义务展示力量的形象和有义务帮助他人预测高血压的几率较高（p< 0.05）;有强烈的成功动机预测低几率（p= 0.048）。约翰·亨利主义不能预测高血压。感觉有义务帮助他人和有义务抑制情绪预测较低水平的心理困扰（p< 0.05），而约翰亨利主义预测较高的困扰（p= 0.002）conclusionsWe讨论这些研究结果的影响，为测量文化的具体现象和他们的作用，在促进非裔美国妇女的不平等负担不健康。
RationaleJohn Henryism and Superwoman Schema (SWS) are dispositional characteristics adopted to overcome the challenges of chronic psychosocial stress, and have particular salience for African American women. Both show protective and harmful effects on health and share conceptual similarities and distinctions, yet there is no empirical evidence of the potential overlap resulting in uncertainty about the unique roles they may each play concerning the health of African American women.ObjectiveWe examined: 1) whether and to what extent John Henryism and SWS represent similar or distinct constructs relevant to the unique sociohistorical and sociopolitical position of African American women, and 2) whether the two differentially predict health outcomes.MethodsData are from a purposive and socioeconomically diverse sample of 208 African American women in the San Francisco Bay Area. First, we conducted a progressive series of tests to systematically examine the conceptual and empirical overlap between John Henryism and SWS: correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), principal component analysis and k-modes cluster analysis. Next, we used multivariable regression to examine associations with psychological distress and hypertension.ResultsJohn Henryism and SWS were moderately correlated with one another (rs = 0.30–0.48). In both EFA and cluster analyses, John Henryism items were distinct from SWS subscale items. For SWS, feeling an obligation to present an image of strength and an obligation to help others predicted higher odds of hypertension (p< 0.05); having an intense motivation to succeed predicted lower odds (p= 0.048). John Henryism did not predict hypertension. Feeling an obligation to help others and an obligation to suppress emotions predicted lower levels of psychological distress (p< 0.05) whereas John Henryism predicted higher distress (p= 0.002).ConclusionsWe discuss the implications of these findings for the measurement of culturally specific phenomena and their role in contributing to the unequal burden of ill health among African American women.